Question

如何搭建springMVC开发环境

Answer 1

  Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。

  

    （一）工作环境准备：

        JDK 1.7

        Eclipse Kepler

        Apache Tomcat 8.0

    （二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

    （三）配置pom.xml。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
  <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>  
  <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>  
  <packaging>war</packaging>  
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
  <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>  
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  
     
   <properties>  
      <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>  
  </properties>  
     
  <dependencies>  
    <dependency>  
      <groupId>junit</groupId>  
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
      <version>3.8.1</version>  
      <scope>test</scope>  
    </dependency>  
       
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
       
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
        <version>1.2</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>  
        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>  
        <version>1.1.2</version>  
    </dependency>  
       
  </dependencies>  
  <build>  
    <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>  
  </build>  
</project>

    （四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee   
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">  
    <display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>  
   
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>true</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
   
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
   
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
</web-app>

    （五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">  
           
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>  
       
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>  
       
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">  
        <property name="viewClass"  
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

    （六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;  
   
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Map;  
   
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
   
@Controller  
public class HelloController {  
       
    @RequestMapping("/greeting")  
    public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {  
         System.out.println("Hello " + name);  
         Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();  
         map.put("userName", name);  
         return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);  
    }  
        
}

    （七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html>  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
<title>Hello</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
    你好，${userName }  
</body>  
</html>

（八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，显示Hello SpringMVC,则说明Spring MVC开发框架搭建成功。