Question

While he was walking in the street

While he was walking in the streetHe saw a cart with two white oxen that looked very much like the one that had eaten his vegetables.

帮忙分析句子成分，两个that 分别引导什么从句？不是说定语从句不能用两个that吗？

Answer 1

是两个定语从句。
【第一个】先行词是oxen， that在定语从句中做主语。看起来非常像那只牛
【第二个】先行词是the one，that在定语从句中做主语。吃过他家蔬菜的那只牛

不使用两个that的情况:
在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。例如：
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
我来给你看我从新开的图书馆里借来的那本小说。

追答

但是有the one必须用that，用which就不符合这条规则了

被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which

【第一条规则】
在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。
【第二条规则】
被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which

需要满足第一条，又要同时满足第二条，取交集。

数学都用上了。

Answer 2

这是一个双层定语从句的例子。整个that looked very much like the one that had eaten his vegetables作为定语从句修饰oxen，而其中的that had eaten his vegetables作为定语从句修饰the one=the oxen。
整句译文：“他在大街上走时，看见了一辆车，上面拉着两头白牛，看上去特像吃了他的蔬菜。”
（直译为“他在大街上走时看见了一辆上面拉着两头看上去特像吃了他蔬菜的白牛的车。”）