Question

马铃薯生长过程分几个阶段?

Answer 1

1.发芽期：播种后20天左右幼苗开始出土。从芽萌生至出苗是发芽期，进行主茎第一段的生长，发芽期生长的中心在芽的伸长，发根和形成匍匐茎，营养和水分主要靠种薯，按茎叶和根的顺序供给。

Germination period：Seedlings began to be unearthed about 20 days after sowing. From Bud initiation to seedling emergence is the germination period, the growth of the first segment of the main stem is carried out, and the center of the germination period is the elongation of the bud, the roots and the formation of the stolons. Nutrition and water mainly depend on the seeds of the potato, and are supplied in the order of stems and leaves and roots.

2.幼苗期：25天左右幼苗长高。从出苗到第六叶或第八叶展平，即完成一个叶序的生长，成为“团棵”，是主茎第二段生长，为土豆的幼苗期。幼苗期经过的时间比较短，不论春作或秋作，只有短短半个多月。

Seedling period：Seedlings grow tall about 25 days. From the seedling to the sixth leaf or the eighth leaf, it completes the growth of a leaf sequence and becomes a "cluster tree". It is the second growth of the main stem and is the seedling period of the potato. The time passed during the young seedling period is relatively short, regardless of spring or autumn, only a little more than half a month.

3.发棵开花期：45天左右土豆苗开花。从团棵到第十二或第十六叶展平，早熟品种以第一花序开花；晚熟品种以第二花序开花，为土豆的发棵期，为时一个月左右，是主茎第三段的生长。发棵期主茎开始急剧拔高，占总高度50%左右，主茎叶已全部建成，并有分枝及分枝叶的扩展。

Flowering period：About 45 days the potato seedlings bloom. From the group tree to the twelfth or sixteenth leaf, the precocious varieties bloom in the first inflorescence; The late-ripened varieties bloom in the second inflorescence, which is the flowering period of the potato. It is about one month and is the growth of the third stem. During the initiation period, the main stem began to rise sharply, accounting for about 50 % of the total height. The main stem and leaf have all been built, and there are branches and branches.

4.结薯期：90天左右土豆可以收获。即茎块的形成期，发棵期完成后，便进入以块茎生长为主的结薯期，此期茎叶生长日益减少，基部叶片开始转黄和枯萎，植株各部分的有机养分不断向块茎输送，块茎随之加快膨大，尤其在开花期后10天膨大最快。结薯期的长短受气候条件，病害和品种熟性等影响，一般在30-50天。

Potato period:Potatoes can be harvested in about 90 days. That is, after the stem block formation period is completed, it enters the tuber growing stage, which is dominated by tuber growth. During this period, the stem and leaf growth are decreasing, the base leaves begin to turn yellow and wither, and the organic nutrients in each part of the plant are continuously transported to the tubers. The tubers then accelerate their expansion. Especially in the 10 days after the flowering period. The length of the potato season is affected by climatic conditions, disease and variety maturity, and is generally 30-50 days.

扩展资料：

1.土豆，又名马铃薯，洋山芋，茄科茄属，高15-80厘米，无毛或被疏柔毛。茎分地上茎和地下茎两部分。土豆是中国五大主食之一，其营养价值高、适应力强、产量大，是全球第三大重要的粮食作物，仅次于小麦和玉米。

2.土豆是块茎繁殖，可入药，性平味甘，可以治胃痛、痄肋、痈肿等疾病。作为食物，其保存周期不宜太长，一定要低温、干燥、密闭保存。

3.土豆的生产对温度有严格的的要求：块茎生长适温是16℃-18℃，当地温高于25℃时，块茎停止生长；茎叶生长对的适温是15℃-25℃，超过39℃停止生长。

参考资料：

1. 《农民致富之友》2011年21期《早春土豆高产栽培技术》
   

2. 《农家之友》2011版01期《马铃薯优质高产栽培技术》
   

3. 百度百科——土豆