Question

英语的比较级和最高级规则变化

Answer 1

比较级：

(1) 将程度不同的二者进行比较，即表示“比...更(还)...”时用比较级，常用 "比较级 + than" 结构

Oil is lighter than water. 油比水轻

Action speaks louder than words. 行动用于言辞

He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好

(2) than 引导的状语从句结构须与主句结构一致，也可将 be 动词、助动词或 do 予以省略，仅保留主语

He is more careful than you (are). 他比你更小心

He can sing better than you (can). 他比你更会唱歌

He studies harder than you (do). 他比你学习更努力

(3) 比较时态不一致时， than 引导的状语从句结构则不可省略

He is more careful than he was ten years ago.

He can sing better than he could ten years ago.

He studies harder than he did when he was in high school.

最高级：

(1) 表示“最...”时用最高级，常用“the + 形容词/副词最高级 + 比较范围” 的结构

She is the best girl for the paperwork. 她是最适合做这项文书工作的女孩

He is the most versatile of actors. 他是最为多才多艺的演员

To be heard over the noise of the construction work outside, he tried to talk in the loudest voice possible.

这里用到最高级，要有一个表示范围的修饰语。to talk in the loudest voice that was possible，以形容词从句 that was possible (有可能的范围中)来修饰 the loudest voice (最大的声音)。然后再把形容词从句简化，省略掉其中的 that was，即剩下 possible

(2) the + 序数词(second、third...) + 最高级

John is the second best student in my class. 约翰是我的班上第二棒的学生

(3) 最高级的否定可用 the least

This is the least exciting movie I have ever watched. 这是我所看到的最不精彩的电影