Question

高分求高手翻译一段。。。

无意识的写作技巧——套路
套路这个词，可能跟我表达的意思不太贴切，但是套路却实实在在的表现出了我将要讨论的写作手法的本质——这种写作手法不是作家有意识的事先安排的伏笔和铺垫，而是根据一贯的流传下来的写作手法，不知不觉的就已经埋下了伏笔，而到后来作家回头反思，又能根据已经埋下的伏笔，“将计就计”，写出对照伏笔的情节来。这种套路，与一般的伏笔其实很难区分，因为很多时候无从判断到底是作家实在太高明，早就有意做的伏笔，还是事后想到，拿来另作妙用的。但是，依据写作常理和事实常理，大致的可以推断出来一些十分明显的套路。比如哈利波特里的很多伏笔，不胜枚举，但是就有许多“伏笔”并不是一开始作家有意伏下的。例如，前文提到过的圣器的出现（也就是三兄弟的传说），就显得十分突兀，虽然照应了前面的很多东西，显得前面的东西（特别是隐身衣）早就有意安排，实际上明眼人都看得出来，那是书写到后来，为了给本书一个总的交代和总的结局，勉强凑合的理由。可以肯定的说，罗琳在开始写隐身衣的时候，并没有想到隐身衣是三兄弟之一的宝贝，当然她一开始不说隐身衣的来历，为的就是以后可以给安排一个理由，但是具体安排什么理由，要看故事的进一步发展。这样的例子很多，我们看武侠小说，每每的见到有世外高人出现，而他们在出现之时，统统都是神秘身份，直到故事发展到一定阶段，才会露出庐山真面目。这其实就是写作的套路，当情节需要某个人物或是道具时，先捏造一个出来，至于这个人物或道具的来历，日后慢慢见分晓，而见分晓的日子，正是需要再次捏造情节的时候。这样才可以保证，故事一直发展，谜中有谜，套中有套。这样的例子在哈利波特里面其实还有许多，下面列举几个：
密室里，哈利用格林芬多宝剑刺入蛇怪上颚杀死被伏地魔的大蛇，然后用大蛇的毒牙摧毁了那本魂器日记本，这里得知只有大蛇毒液才可以摧毁魂器，而在最后一部罗恩用这把宝剑摧毁了另一个魂器项链，原因是哈利杀死蛇怪的时候，蛇怪毒液浸入到了宝剑里。这个伏笔显然不是有意安排的，当是罗琳回头思索想到的，是典型的套路写法。
密室里最后邓伯利多对哈利说，哈利在得到闪电疤的那天，伏地魔将自己的一部分法术（后来被理所当然的解释成了魂器）留在了哈利身上，这样在最后死圣里，伏地魔杀死哈利等于自杀，哈利反而存活。
霍格沃兹的黑魔法课老师总是一年一换，直到第6部才知道原来伏地魔对这个课程的老师设下了诅咒，而之前邓伯利多一直不让斯内普当，不是不信任他，而是保护他。
由上面3个例子可以看出，套路对于续写成功的巨大作用。套路不像伏笔，预先设下，而是马后炮，需要作者回头去找线索，而一旦找到，必将是比伏笔还要重要的续写手法，因为伏笔一般与照应之间的篇幅不能太长，最多只能是在每一部的开头伏笔，结尾对应；而套路则不然，可以在第一部套路，最后一部再次找回对应。哈利波特用的最大的一个套路就是三兄弟的传说这个套路，通过这个传说，勾连起了魔杖，隐身衣和魔法石这一系列的事件，最终自圆其说，解释了所有的前因后果。而这个在结尾引用三兄弟的故事的套路，并不是哈利波特系列的专利，在天下霸唱的《鬼吹灯》系列里，也用了一个相似的三兄弟的故事来对整个鬼吹灯系列做了一个总结性的解释，了尘，金算盘，铁磨头这三位前辈师兄弟的经历，才将胡八一他们所经历过的一系列未解之谜逐一揭开，而这三人，正如哈利波特里面的一样，在前几部小说里根本就是子虚乌有，能肯定的说作者一开始就没有这个全局的构想，这只是套路的最终运用。
软件翻译勿扰。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

Answer 1

无意识的写作技巧——套路
套路这个词，可能跟我表达的意思不太贴切，但是套路却实实在在的表现出了我将要讨论的写作手法的本质——这种写作手法不是作家有意识的事先安排的伏笔和铺垫，而是根据一贯的流传下来的写作手法，不知不觉的就已经埋下了伏笔，而到后来作家回头反思，又能根据已经埋下的伏笔，“将计就计”，写出对照伏笔的情节来。Unintentional writting skill - Routine
The word routine, may be not appropriate to what I want show, but the routine was a real show I will it in fact shows the nature of writting skills what I am to discuss – this skill is not a foreshadowing aranged by auother unconsciously before writing. but is a general writing style handed down, which had unknowingly been planted, and later the auother can write responding plots when he thinks back according to it.
这种套路，与一般的伏笔其实很难区分，因为很多时候无从判断到底是作家实在太高明，早就有意做的伏笔，还是事后想到，拿来另作妙用的。但是，依据写作常理和事实常理，大致的可以推断出来一些十分明显的套路。比如哈利波特里的很多伏笔，不胜枚举，但是就有许多“伏笔”并不是一开始作家有意伏下的。It Is difficult to distinguish this routine from genneral one, because we often can not judge whether n a writer is so brilliant that arrange a foreshadowing or bring to magical effect after writing.. However, based on common sense and the common fact, a very clear routine vould be reasoned approximatly. For example , foreshadowings in the Harry Protter are too numerous to mention, but there are many " foreshadowings " are not arranged at the begainning of writting.
例如，前文提到过的圣器的出现（也就是三兄弟的传说），就显得十分突兀，虽然照应了前面的很多东西，显得前面的东西（特别是隐身衣）早就有意安排，实际上明眼人都看得出来，那是书写到后来，为了给本书一个总的交代和总的结局，勉强凑合的理由。Such as the previously mentioned appearance of stain devices (that is in The Legend Of The Three Brothers), is extremely unexpected, although a lot of things respond the front, this shows that something (especially Yinshen Yi) in the front part are arranged intentionally. In fact, every clever one can see that it is written later, just for giving a narrow reason for the general account and the overall outcome of the book.
可以肯定的说，罗琳在开始写隐身衣的时候，并没有想到隐身衣是三兄弟之一的宝贝，当然她一开始不说隐身衣的来历，为的就是以后可以给安排一个理由，但是具体安排什么理由，要看故事的进一步发展。To be sure that when Rowling began to write the Invisibility Cloak, she did not think that is a cimelia of one of the three brothers, of course, hers no saying the history of the invisibility cloak firstly was for arranging a reason later. but what a specific reason should be is up to the further development of the story.
这样的例子很多，我们看武侠小说，每每的见到有世外高人出现，而他们在出现之时，统统都是神秘身份，直到故事发展到一定阶段，才会露出庐山真面目。这其实就是写作的套路，当情节需要某个人物或是道具时，先捏造一个出来，至于这个人物或道具的来历，日后慢慢见分晓，而见分晓的日子，正是需要再次捏造情节的时候。这样才可以保证，故事一直发展，谜中有谜，套中有套。这样的例子在哈利波特里面其实还有许多，下面列举几个：such examples are many, when we see the appearacence of a master in martial arts, they are all with secret identities, until a certain development stage of the story , they will be revealed. This is actually a writing routine, when circumstances require a person or prop, a fabrication will be made, as to the origins of the character or prop, it will be gradually seen in future, and the time to see is just the time to make another story. Only in this way, it can be guaranteed that the story be shown as one mystery in another mystery. There are manye Examples in the Harry Potter, such as follows:
密室里，哈利用格林芬多宝剑刺入蛇怪上颚杀死被伏地魔的大蛇，然后用大蛇的毒牙摧毁了那本魂器日记本，这里得知只有大蛇毒液才可以摧毁魂器，而在最后一部罗恩用这把宝剑摧毁了另一个魂器项链，原因是哈利杀死蛇怪的时候，蛇怪毒液浸入到了宝剑里。这个伏笔显然不是有意安排的，当是罗琳回头思索想到的，是典型的套路写法。In Chamber of Secrets, Harry used Griffinvo sword piercing the maxilla of snake monster and killed it, then used snake's fangs to destroy the diary which was a soul device, where we know only the snake’s poison fang that can destroy the soul device, and in the final chapter Ron used that sword to destroy the necklace, another soul device, because when Harry killed the snake monster, the sword dipped in venom. This foreshadowing was obviously not interested in the arrangements, but a typical writing style that used in thinking back.

密室里最后邓伯利多对哈利说，哈利在得到闪电疤的那天，伏地魔将自己的一部分法术（后来被理所当然的解释成了魂器）留在了哈利身上，这样在最后死圣里，伏地魔杀死哈利等于自杀，哈利反而存活。In the Chamber of Secrets, Dumbledore told Harry that the day Harry had got a lightning scar, Voldemort left a part of his spells (later they were explained as sould device) to Harry ‘s body own spell, so that in the final if Voldemort killed Harry, that means killed himself, so Harry survived.

霍格沃兹的黑魔法课老师总是一年一换，直到第6部才知道原来伏地魔对这个课程的老师设下了诅咒，而之前邓伯利多一直不让斯内普当，不是不信任他，而是保护他。
Hogwarts’sblack magic course was always changed every year, until the chapter 6 we knowed that because Voldemort set a curse in him, while Dumbledore never allowed Snape to teach in this course, that was not doubting him, but to protect him.

由上面3个例子可以看出，套路对于续写成功的巨大作用。套路不像伏笔，预先设下，而是马后炮，需要作者回头去找线索，而一旦找到，必将是比伏笔还要重要的续写手法，因为伏笔一般与照应之间的篇幅不能太长，最多只能是在每一部的开头伏笔，结尾对应；而套路则不然，可以在第一部套路，最后一部再次找回对应。哈利波特用的最大的一个套路就是三兄弟的传说这个套路，通过这个传说，勾连起了魔杖，隐身衣和魔法石这一系列的事件，最终自圆其说，解释了所有的前因后果。By the above three examples it can be seen that routine is great important for the success of adding an ending. Routine is not the same as the pre-seting of foreshadowing , but belatedly, this needs the auother go back for the trail, and once he found, it will be a writing style more important than foreshadowing, because the length beween the foreshadowing and respongding can not be to large, what the largest can only be that a foreshadowing arranged in the beginning while a responding in the end within a novel. The routine is not like this. It can be made in the first novel while a responding in the last novel. What the largest routine in the Harry Potter the three brothers, which leads to wand, invisibility cloak and the Sorcerer's Stone, and gets a reasonable ending to explain all the reasons. 而这个在结尾引用三兄弟的故事的套路，并不是哈利波特系列的专利，在天下霸唱的《鬼吹灯》系列里，也用了一个相似的三兄弟的故事来对整个鬼吹灯系列做了一个总结性的解释，了尘，金算盘，铁磨头这三位前辈师兄弟的经历，才将胡八一他们所经历过的一系列未解之谜逐一揭开，而这三人，正如哈利波特里面的一样，在前几部小说里根本就是子虚乌有，能肯定的说作者一开始就没有这个全局的构想，这只是套路的最终运用。
And this routin that uses the story of the tree brothers in the end is not the patent of the Harry Potter, in the series of "Ghost Blows Out the Light" wriiten by Tianxia Bachang, also exists a similar story of three brothers to explain the whole series,the experience of the three fellow apprentice who are Liaochen, Gold Abacus, Iron Grinding Head, explains the series of puzzle experienced by Hu Bayi. While the three fellow apprentices do not exist the fomer novels as that in the Harry Potter, we can definitely say that at the beginning the author did not have this thought in the whole story, it is final use in routines.