ask sb to do sth 和 ask sb for doing sth 的区别
ask sb to do sth和ask sb for doing sth的区别:意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同
一、意思不同
1.ask sb to do sth意思:请求某人(不)做某事;叫某人干
2.ask sb for doing sth意思:要求某人做某事
二、用法不同
1.ask sb to do sth用法:接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。也可接双宾语,这时两个宾语都是直接宾语,指物的直接宾语可由名词、代词、带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当。
例句:
I have asked some friends for tea.
我请了一些朋友来喝茶。
2.ask sb for doing sth用法:其后可接名词、代词、带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或that/wh-从句作宾语, that从句中常使用虚拟式。
例句:
As a student, I want to learn how to ask for not be afraid of doing so.
作为一名学生,我想了解如何寻求帮助,并不要为之怯步。
三、侧重点不同
1.ask sb to do sth侧重点:侧重于请求某人独自去做某事。
2.ask sb for doing sth侧重点:侧重于请求某人一起去做某事。
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ask sb to do sth 和 ask sb for doing sth 的区别在于:前者是请求或命令某人做某事,后者是请求某人提供某种行动或服务。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别,具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
"ask sb to do sth"是请求或命令某人做某事。
"ask sb for doing sth"是请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
I asked my sister to help me with the chores.(我叫我妹妹帮我做家务。)
I asked my friend for help with moving the furniture.(我向朋友请求帮助搬家具。)
2. 用法区别:
"ask sb to do sth"后面跟动词不定式,表示请求或命令某人做某事。
"ask sb for doing sth"后面跟名词或动名词,表示请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
He asked me to drive him to the airport.(他要求我把他送到机场。)
She asked her boss for permission to take a day off.(她向老板请假一天。)
3. 使用环境区别:
"ask sb to do sth"更常用于日常口语和正式场合中。
"ask sb for doing sth"相对较少使用,在特定情况下更常见。
例句:
The teacher asked the students to be quiet in the library.(老师要求学生在图书馆保持安静。)
She asked her colleague for doing the presentation in her place.(她请同事代替她做演讲。)
4. 影响范围区别:
"ask sb to do sth"强调请求或命令某人执行特定的动作或任务。
"ask sb for doing sth"强调请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
The manager asked the team to complete the project by Monday.(经理要求团队在周一之前完成项目。)
He asked his neighbor for help watering the plants while he was on vacation.(他请邻居帮忙给植物浇水,因为他去度假了。)
5. 形象区别:
"ask sb to do sth"更直接,表达出请求或命令的目的。
"ask sb for doing sth"更间接,表达出请求或表示需要某人的行动。
例句:
The teacher asked the students to clean the classroom.(老师要求学生打扫教室。)
He asked his friend for a favor in finding a job.(他请求朋友帮忙找工作。)
首先我们来看下ask和for的大致意思:
ask:词性为动词,ask sb to do sth:表示请求或要求某人做某事
for:词性为介词,ask sb for doing sth:表示请求或要求某人为某个目的而做某事
通过下面的表格我们了解下ask和for的含义、发音和用法
接下来让我们看下ask和for的用法区别:
1.语法结构:ask sb to do sth中的to do是不定式短语作宾语补足语;而ask sb for doing sth中的for doing sth是动名词短语作介词的宾语。
例子:
- He asked me to call him.
(他要求我给他打电话。)
- He asked me for money to buy a car.
(他向我要钱买车。)
2.动作主体:ask sb to do sth中的动作主体是被请求或要求的人;而ask sb for doing sth中的动作主体是为请求或要求的目的而做某事的人。
例子:
- He asked me to do the homework.
(他要求我去做作业。)
- He asked me for help.
(他向我要帮助。)
3.动作性质:ask sb to do sth中的动作性质是被请求或要求的动作;而ask sb for doing sth中的动作性质是为请求或要求的目的而做的动作。
例子:
- She asked me to tell her the truth.
(她要求我告诉她真相。)
- He asked me for my autograph.
(他向我要签名。)
4.动作目的:ask sb to do sth中的动作目的是被请求或要求的动作;而ask sb for doing sth中的动作目的是为请求或要求的目的而做的动作。
例子:
- She asked me to close the window.
(她要求我关上窗户。)
- He asked me for a pen to write.
(他向我要一支笔写字。)
- I asked him to close the window.(我让他关窗。)
- My mother asked me to help with the dishes.(我妈妈让我帮忙洗碗。)
"Ask sb for doing sth"是指向某人请求做某事,表达了一个请求的意思,后面接动词-ing形式。例如:
- He asked his friend for borrowing his bike.(他向他的朋友借自行车。)
- Can I ask you for helping me with this problem?(我可以请求你帮我解决这个问题吗?)
总结来说,"ask sb to do sth"强调请求或命令某人做某事,动词接原形;"ask sb for doing sth"强调向某人请求做某事,动词接-ing形式。
ask sb for sth是向某人索取某物。没听说过有ask sb for doing sth这种用法