Question

什么叫过去分词做后置定语 讲用法,给点例子再说明,

Answer 1

过去分词作定语时,通常可替换某些定语从句.此时要注意两点:首先,在被替换的定语从句中,主语必须是作从句主语的关系代词;其次,定语从句中的谓语动词通常使用表示已经完成的时态或被动语态.
例如:
1.Prices of daily goods_through a computer can be lower than store prices.(2002北京春招)
A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying
思路分析:此题考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法.我们可以把bought through还原成一个定语从句:Prices of daily goods that are bought through a computer...
2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_the next year.
A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out
思路分析:此题考查see sb./sth.done句型.因the plan与carry out逻辑上是被动关系,故答案为C,其中that引导了一个定语从句.
3.The Olympic Games,_in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until 1912.
A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing
思路分析:the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系,故排除A、D项.B项是不定式的被动式,表示"未来",也可排除,因此,C项是对的.它相当于一个非限制性定语从句which were first played.
4.The first text books_for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written
思路分析:A项不能作后置定语,B项表示未来的动作,C项表示正在进行的动作.text books与write之间是被动关系,而且原题中的the first text books与came out in the 16th century也可暗示考生选written,表被动且完成的意思,故答案为D项.
过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况.
1、前置定语
单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义.
A类:被动意义:
an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料.
B类:完成意义:
a retired teacher 一位退休的教师
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.
他们正在打扫院子里的落叶.
2、后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句.如:
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).
这将是这类小说中写得最好的.
Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?
昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀?