英语句子成分分析讲解?
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学习句子分析的关键在于掌握词类、句子成分及结构。下面是我带来的,欢迎阅读!
精选
定语
定语是用来说明名词***代词***的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
***1***. She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家。
***2***. He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。***后置定语***
2. 名词用作定语。如
***1***. A baby girl 女婴
***2***. well water 井水
***3***. Sports car 双座轻型汽车
***4***. A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
2.代词作定语。
***1***. Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了。***物主代词用作定语***
***2***. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责。 ***不定代词所有格作定语***
3.数词作定语
***1***. There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
***2***. Do it now, you may not get a second chance.
现在就干吧,你可能再没有机会了。
基数词用作后置定语: page 24 Room 201 the year 1949
4. 副词充当定语时常后置,如:
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界
the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
***1***. Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。
***2***. That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 柺杖 sleeping pills ***
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
7.介词短语用作定语。
***1***. This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。
***2***. The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words.
他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了。
8.从句用作定语,即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的车是我的。
Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one.
我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了。
阅读
同谓语
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同谓语***appositive***.这两个句子成分多由名词***代词***担任,同谓语通常皆放在其说明的名词***代词***之后。
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的。
***1***. We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子,一男一女。
***2***We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家。
2.代词用作同谓语。
***1***。They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他。
***2***。Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧。
3.数词用作同谓语。
***1***。Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
***2***。They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了,我们三个留了下来。
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语。
***1***。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对。
***2***。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.
第一个计划是夜袭,被拒绝了。
5.Of 短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术
The vice of *** oking 吸菸嗜好
6.从句用同谓语,即同谓语重句
***1***。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
明天放假的讯息不确。
***2***。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题。
学习
状语
状语***adverbial***是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。。如:
1.The girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
***1***。副词最常用作状语,位置比较灵活,可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well.
这种语言,他讲得不好,但阅读能力很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors.
当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按用途来分,可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
***1***。时间状语,多位于句末和句首,有时亦可置于句中
Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow?
In China now leads the world.
***2***.地点状语,多置于句末,有时也位于句首和句中。
There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform***月台***.
***3***。原因状语,包括表理由的状语,多置于句末,有时亦可置于句首。
Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job.
I eat potatoes because I like them.
***4***. 结果状语,多由不定式、分词和从句表示,常位于句末。
She woke***醒*** suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway.
She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.
***5***. 目的状语,多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示,常位于句末,强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter***隐蔽处***.他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
***6***. 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
We’ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to e, what should we say to him?
***7***. 让步状语,由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy. 他尽管有钱,但似乎并不幸福。
He helped me although he didn’t know me.
***8***.程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。
The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你对他们信任程度如何?
***9***。伴随状语,常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。
My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten.
He stood there ,pipe***菸斗*** in mouth.
精选
定语
定语是用来说明名词***代词***的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
***1***. She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家。
***2***. He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。***后置定语***
2. 名词用作定语。如
***1***. A baby girl 女婴
***2***. well water 井水
***3***. Sports car 双座轻型汽车
***4***. A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
2.代词作定语。
***1***. Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了。***物主代词用作定语***
***2***. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责。 ***不定代词所有格作定语***
3.数词作定语
***1***. There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
***2***. Do it now, you may not get a second chance.
现在就干吧,你可能再没有机会了。
基数词用作后置定语: page 24 Room 201 the year 1949
4. 副词充当定语时常后置,如:
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界
the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
***1***. Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。
***2***. That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 柺杖 sleeping pills ***
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
7.介词短语用作定语。
***1***. This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。
***2***. The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words.
他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了。
8.从句用作定语,即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的车是我的。
Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one.
我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了。
阅读
同谓语
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同谓语***appositive***.这两个句子成分多由名词***代词***担任,同谓语通常皆放在其说明的名词***代词***之后。
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的。
***1***. We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子,一男一女。
***2***We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家。
2.代词用作同谓语。
***1***。They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他。
***2***。Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧。
3.数词用作同谓语。
***1***。Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
***2***。They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了,我们三个留了下来。
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语。
***1***。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对。
***2***。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.
第一个计划是夜袭,被拒绝了。
5.Of 短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术
The vice of *** oking 吸菸嗜好
6.从句用同谓语,即同谓语重句
***1***。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
明天放假的讯息不确。
***2***。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题。
学习
状语
状语***adverbial***是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。。如:
1.The girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
***1***。副词最常用作状语,位置比较灵活,可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well.
这种语言,他讲得不好,但阅读能力很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors.
当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按用途来分,可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
***1***。时间状语,多位于句末和句首,有时亦可置于句中
Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow?
In China now leads the world.
***2***.地点状语,多置于句末,有时也位于句首和句中。
There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform***月台***.
***3***。原因状语,包括表理由的状语,多置于句末,有时亦可置于句首。
Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job.
I eat potatoes because I like them.
***4***. 结果状语,多由不定式、分词和从句表示,常位于句末。
She woke***醒*** suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway.
She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.
***5***. 目的状语,多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示,常位于句末,强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter***隐蔽处***.他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
***6***. 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
We’ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to e, what should we say to him?
***7***. 让步状语,由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy. 他尽管有钱,但似乎并不幸福。
He helped me although he didn’t know me.
***8***.程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。
The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你对他们信任程度如何?
***9***。伴随状语,常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。
My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten.
He stood there ,pipe***菸斗*** in mouth.
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