Question

短文翻译

Dalton wondered why the heavier and lighter gases in the atmosphere did not separate as oil and water do. He finally concluded that the constituent gases must exist in the form of tiny particles or atoms and that these must be completely mixed together in the atmosphere. This threw a new light on the laws of definite proportions. It was only necessary to suppose that the atoms could combine into small groups of uniform structure and so form more complex substances, thus the mystery of this law was solved. Dalton suggested, for example, that carbon monoxide is formed by the one with one pairing of the atoms carbon and oxygen, while carbon dioxide results from a single atom of carbon uniting with two atoms of oxygen. Assuming this to be true, then the definite proportions of Prout's law (for all chemical compounds the different constituents that always enter in unvarying proportions )would naturally reveal the relative weights of the many different kinds of atoms.

Answer 1

道尔顿思索着为什么大气中较重的气体和较轻的气体不是想水和油那样清楚的分开。最终他总结出来组成的气体必须是以小粒子或者说是原子的方式存在，因此他们必须在大气层中完全的混合在一起。这些想法为他的定律的提出提供了帮助。只能假设原子能够联合成为一群全都相同结构从而形成一种复杂的物质，这就是这个定律为我们揭示的规律。道尔顿举例解释说，一氧化碳是由一个碳原子和一个氧原子，或者说是由一对碳原子和氧原子组成，然而二氧化碳是由碳原子的单个原子与两个氧原子组成。如果假设这个定律是真的，那么普劳斯特定律（对于所有的化学混合物来说，不同的组成部分的质量始终不变）就自然而然的揭示了很多种不同原子的相应重量。

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