高考英语定语从句考点例析
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一、关系词的灵活运用
真题再现
1．Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_____they learn simple games and songs.(2007年全国I卷)
A．then B．there C．while D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词a day care center表示地点，定语从句由关系副词where引导，相当于in which。
2．Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_____sight matters more than hearing.(2007年天津卷)
A．when B．whose C．which D．where
解析：D考查的是定语从句。Dancing is an activity后面是一个定语从句，修饰an activity，在定语从句中缺少状语，所以用where或in which。
3．After graduation she reached a point in her career____she needed to decide what to do.(2007年江西卷)
A．that B．what C．which D．where
解析：D 本题考查定语从句的引导词。在定语从句中，当先行词为point, case, situation等时，通常用关系副词where引导。
4．Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_____beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(2007年陕西卷)
A．which B．as C．why D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词是cases，意思是：情况，状态，指物或指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，先行词指地点，用where。
5．The village has developed a lot_____we lwarned farming two years ago.(2007年福建卷)
A．when B．which C．that D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词是the village，关系词在从句中作状语，用关系副词，先行词表地点，选D。
6．The book was written in 1946,____the_____education system has witnessed great changes.(2007年山东卷)
A．when B．during which C．since then D．since when
解析：D 考查非限制性定语从句。Since when自从那时起，常与完成时连用。
7．His movie won several awards at the film festival,_____was beyond his wildest dream.(2007年上海卷)
A．which B．that C．where D．it
解析：A考查定语从句。后半句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容，在从句中作主语。
8．We’re just trying to reach a point_____both sides will sit down together and talk.
A．where B．that C．when D．which
解析：A 关系副词when和where与point连用，即可表示具体的时间和地点，也能表示抽象的时间和地点。根据句意，“我们正在试图找到双方（都能接受的条件，从而使双方）能坐到一起谈判的点”，这里应是表示一个抽象的地点。
9．What surprised me was not what he said but_____he said it.
A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which
解析：A 根据连接成分对等性，排除B、C项。The way后的定语从句关系词可用in which，that或省略。
二、引导词前介词的使用不可忽视
关系代词介词的确定依据有三：介词与先行词是一种固定搭配；介词与从句中的动词是一种习惯搭配；介词与从句中的形容词是一种固定结构。
真题再现
1．It is reported that two schoold,_____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.(2007年四川卷)
A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which
解析：D考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在some, any, few, several, many, all, both, none, neither, either, each, enough, half, one, two等词之后接of whom或of which；因为该句嵌入句中，它不可能是一个并列句，排除A、C项，即使是并列句也应该有连接词。
2．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree_____they can be controlled on purpose.(2007年重庆卷)
A．with which B．to which C．of which D．for which
解析：B 考查定语从句。在某种程度上，用to a degree或to some degree，因此当degree作先词时，关系代词用which或that。本题因介词提前紧跟关系词，故用to which形式，答案选择B项。
3．Eric received training in computer for one year,_____he found a job in a big company. (2007年辽宁卷)
A．after that B．after which C．after it D．after this
解析：B 考查定语从句及关系代词的选择。从句子的结构看，后面应是定语从句，而且，“他”是接受了一年的电脑培训之后，才在一家大公司找到了一份工作的。故选after which，引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充说明作用。
4．He was educated at the local high school,_____he went on to Beijing University.(2007年江苏卷)
A．after which B．after that C．in which D．in that
解析：A 此题考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。根据题意应该是“在那以后”，故正确的答案是A。
5．We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us,_____we gave some bells and glasses.
A．to which B．to whom C．with whom D．with which
解析：B句中的先行词指人，故排除A、D，从句中give sth.to sb. 是固定词组，介词to提到关系代词之前，故选B。
6．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_____people were eaten by the tiger.
A．in which B．by which C．which D．that
解析：A 先行词the scenes在定语从句中作地点状语。其前的介词常用in。
7．I was given three books on cooking, the first____I really enjoyed.
A．of that B．of which C．that D．which
解析：B 定语从句只修饰先行词中的一部分，of表示部分和整体之间的关系，the first of which相当于the first of the three books。句意为：他给了我三本烹饪方面的书，其中第一本我特别喜欢。
三、定语从句的分隔现象
在英语学习中常常遇到定语从句不是直接位于先行词之后，而是被插入语、介词短语、副词或副词短语、谓语动词、非谓语动词等隔开，这种现象被称作定语从句的分隔现象。
真题再现
1．Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street,____used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.(2007年浙江卷)
A．that B．which C．who D．where
解析：B 本题考查定语从句。从空前的逗号可知，本题考查的是非限制性定语从句，因此排除A。先行词是地点名词，但是引导在从句中作主语，因此选B。
2．—Is that the small town you often refer to?
—Right, just the one____you know I used to work for years.
A．that B．which C．where D．what
解析：C 了解答语中的插入语you know是解题的突破口。The one在宾语从句中作状语。
3．The film brought the hours back to me______I was taken good care of in that far—away village.
A．until B．that C．when D．where
解析：C when引导定语从句，先行词the hours与定语从句被back to me分隔。
四、as与which之争
as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，均可指代整个句子内容，as引导非限制性定语从句，可以用在主句前，又可用在主句后，有时还可插在句中。Which引导非限制定语从句，除了指代整个句子外，还可指单个词，不能放在句首。As引导定语从句，有“正如，就像”之意，常用在as is known to sb., as has been expected, as in mentioned above, as is often the case, as anybody can see, as has been said before等表达中。
真题再现
1．By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007年湖南卷)
A．who B．which C．what D．that
解析：B 考查定语从句。先行词为前面整句话所表达的内容，故用which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
2._____is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When C．When D．As
解析：D as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句，放在句首。
3．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,____meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A．who B．that C．as D．which
解析：D从句中缺少主语，which指代前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语，that不能用在非限制性定语从句中。As意为“正如，就像”，不符题意。
4．______I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting.
A．When B．After C．As D．Since
解析：C表示“依据，正如……”之意时，用as引导。Which不能用在句首。
五、对whose用法的考查
Whose引导定语从句，既可指人，又可代物，在从句中作定语。
真题再现
1．Look out! Don’t get too close to the house____roof is under repair.
A．whose B．which C．of which D．that
解析：A 先行词the house与roof存在所属关系。
2．George Orwell,_____was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A．the real name B．what his real name C．his real name D．whose real name
解析：D 先行词George Orwell在定语从句中作real name的定语。
六、名词/代词/数词+关系词引导定语从句
真题再现
1．Last week, only two people came to look at the house,_____wanted to buy it.(2007安徽卷)
A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom
解析：D 分析该题，该句中含有两个句子，用逗号隔开，缺少连接词，所以不可用A、B项，用whom引导定语从句，从该句的信息词two people可知答案D，neither表示“两者都不”。
2．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%______are sold abroad.
A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
解析：A 数词+关系词引导定语从句。介词后不用that。若选C，需在80%前加and。
七、准确判断代替先行词的关系词在定语从句中作任何成分，正确选择关系词。
关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that）代替的先行词是表人或物的名词或代词，在从句中充当主、宾、定语等成分，作主语时，从句谓语动词的数要与先行永嘉保持一致。关系副词引导定语从句时，可在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点或原因。
真题再现
1．—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm_____we worked.(2007年山东卷)
A．that B．there C．which D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。Where在定语从句中作状语。
2．We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of_____are healthy.(2007北京卷)
A．that B．which C．what D．whom
解析：D 分析该句，第二分句应该是定语从句，修饰先行词people，所以用whom。What只能引导名词性从句；that不可引导非限制性定语从句，也不可用在介词后面；which不可指人。
3．—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes, there’s one point_____we must insist on.
A．why B．where C．how D．/
解析：D 引导词在句中作on的宾语，故只能用which, that或省略。
真题再现
1．Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_____they learn simple games and songs.(2007年全国I卷)
A．then B．there C．while D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词a day care center表示地点，定语从句由关系副词where引导，相当于in which。
2．Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_____sight matters more than hearing.(2007年天津卷)
A．when B．whose C．which D．where
解析：D考查的是定语从句。Dancing is an activity后面是一个定语从句，修饰an activity，在定语从句中缺少状语，所以用where或in which。
3．After graduation she reached a point in her career____she needed to decide what to do.(2007年江西卷)
A．that B．what C．which D．where
解析：D 本题考查定语从句的引导词。在定语从句中，当先行词为point, case, situation等时，通常用关系副词where引导。
4．Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_____beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(2007年陕西卷)
A．which B．as C．why D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词是cases，意思是：情况，状态，指物或指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，先行词指地点，用where。
5．The village has developed a lot_____we lwarned farming two years ago.(2007年福建卷)
A．when B．which C．that D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。先行词是the village，关系词在从句中作状语，用关系副词，先行词表地点，选D。
6．The book was written in 1946,____the_____education system has witnessed great changes.(2007年山东卷)
A．when B．during which C．since then D．since when
解析：D 考查非限制性定语从句。Since when自从那时起，常与完成时连用。
7．His movie won several awards at the film festival,_____was beyond his wildest dream.(2007年上海卷)
A．which B．that C．where D．it
解析：A考查定语从句。后半句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容，在从句中作主语。
8．We’re just trying to reach a point_____both sides will sit down together and talk.
A．where B．that C．when D．which
解析：A 关系副词when和where与point连用，即可表示具体的时间和地点，也能表示抽象的时间和地点。根据句意，“我们正在试图找到双方（都能接受的条件，从而使双方）能坐到一起谈判的点”，这里应是表示一个抽象的地点。
9．What surprised me was not what he said but_____he said it.
A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which
解析：A 根据连接成分对等性，排除B、C项。The way后的定语从句关系词可用in which，that或省略。
二、引导词前介词的使用不可忽视
关系代词介词的确定依据有三：介词与先行词是一种固定搭配；介词与从句中的动词是一种习惯搭配；介词与从句中的形容词是一种固定结构。
真题再现
1．It is reported that two schoold,_____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.(2007年四川卷)
A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which
解析：D考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在some, any, few, several, many, all, both, none, neither, either, each, enough, half, one, two等词之后接of whom或of which；因为该句嵌入句中，它不可能是一个并列句，排除A、C项，即使是并列句也应该有连接词。
2．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree_____they can be controlled on purpose.(2007年重庆卷)
A．with which B．to which C．of which D．for which
解析：B 考查定语从句。在某种程度上，用to a degree或to some degree，因此当degree作先词时，关系代词用which或that。本题因介词提前紧跟关系词，故用to which形式，答案选择B项。
3．Eric received training in computer for one year,_____he found a job in a big company. (2007年辽宁卷)
A．after that B．after which C．after it D．after this
解析：B 考查定语从句及关系代词的选择。从句子的结构看，后面应是定语从句，而且，“他”是接受了一年的电脑培训之后，才在一家大公司找到了一份工作的。故选after which，引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充说明作用。
4．He was educated at the local high school,_____he went on to Beijing University.(2007年江苏卷)
A．after which B．after that C．in which D．in that
解析：A 此题考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。根据题意应该是“在那以后”，故正确的答案是A。
5．We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us,_____we gave some bells and glasses.
A．to which B．to whom C．with whom D．with which
解析：B句中的先行词指人，故排除A、D，从句中give sth.to sb. 是固定词组，介词to提到关系代词之前，故选B。
6．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_____people were eaten by the tiger.
A．in which B．by which C．which D．that
解析：A 先行词the scenes在定语从句中作地点状语。其前的介词常用in。
7．I was given three books on cooking, the first____I really enjoyed.
A．of that B．of which C．that D．which
解析：B 定语从句只修饰先行词中的一部分，of表示部分和整体之间的关系，the first of which相当于the first of the three books。句意为：他给了我三本烹饪方面的书，其中第一本我特别喜欢。
三、定语从句的分隔现象
在英语学习中常常遇到定语从句不是直接位于先行词之后，而是被插入语、介词短语、副词或副词短语、谓语动词、非谓语动词等隔开，这种现象被称作定语从句的分隔现象。
真题再现
1．Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street,____used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.(2007年浙江卷)
A．that B．which C．who D．where
解析：B 本题考查定语从句。从空前的逗号可知，本题考查的是非限制性定语从句，因此排除A。先行词是地点名词，但是引导在从句中作主语，因此选B。
2．—Is that the small town you often refer to?
—Right, just the one____you know I used to work for years.
A．that B．which C．where D．what
解析：C 了解答语中的插入语you know是解题的突破口。The one在宾语从句中作状语。
3．The film brought the hours back to me______I was taken good care of in that far—away village.
A．until B．that C．when D．where
解析：C when引导定语从句，先行词the hours与定语从句被back to me分隔。
四、as与which之争
as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，均可指代整个句子内容，as引导非限制性定语从句，可以用在主句前，又可用在主句后，有时还可插在句中。Which引导非限制定语从句，除了指代整个句子外，还可指单个词，不能放在句首。As引导定语从句，有“正如，就像”之意，常用在as is known to sb., as has been expected, as in mentioned above, as is often the case, as anybody can see, as has been said before等表达中。
真题再现
1．By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(2007年湖南卷)
A．who B．which C．what D．that
解析：B 考查定语从句。先行词为前面整句话所表达的内容，故用which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
2._____is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When C．When D．As
解析：D as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句，放在句首。
3．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,____meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A．who B．that C．as D．which
解析：D从句中缺少主语，which指代前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语，that不能用在非限制性定语从句中。As意为“正如，就像”，不符题意。
4．______I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting.
A．When B．After C．As D．Since
解析：C表示“依据，正如……”之意时，用as引导。Which不能用在句首。
五、对whose用法的考查
Whose引导定语从句，既可指人，又可代物，在从句中作定语。
真题再现
1．Look out! Don’t get too close to the house____roof is under repair.
A．whose B．which C．of which D．that
解析：A 先行词the house与roof存在所属关系。
2．George Orwell,_____was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A．the real name B．what his real name C．his real name D．whose real name
解析：D 先行词George Orwell在定语从句中作real name的定语。
六、名词/代词/数词+关系词引导定语从句
真题再现
1．Last week, only two people came to look at the house,_____wanted to buy it.(2007安徽卷)
A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom
解析：D 分析该题，该句中含有两个句子，用逗号隔开，缺少连接词，所以不可用A、B项，用whom引导定语从句，从该句的信息词two people可知答案D，neither表示“两者都不”。
2．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%______are sold abroad.
A．of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
解析：A 数词+关系词引导定语从句。介词后不用that。若选C，需在80%前加and。
七、准确判断代替先行词的关系词在定语从句中作任何成分，正确选择关系词。
关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that）代替的先行词是表人或物的名词或代词，在从句中充当主、宾、定语等成分，作主语时，从句谓语动词的数要与先行永嘉保持一致。关系副词引导定语从句时，可在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点或原因。
真题再现
1．—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm_____we worked.(2007年山东卷)
A．that B．there C．which D．where
解析：D 考查定语从句。Where在定语从句中作状语。
2．We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of_____are healthy.(2007北京卷)
A．that B．which C．what D．whom
解析：D 分析该句，第二分句应该是定语从句，修饰先行词people，所以用whom。What只能引导名词性从句；that不可引导非限制性定语从句，也不可用在介词后面；which不可指人。
3．—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes, there’s one point_____we must insist on.
A．why B．where C．how D．/
解析：D 引导词在句中作on的宾语，故只能用which, that或省略。
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