Question

英语-句型

Answer 1

解释为“是”的动词没有叙述能力，只能把主语和构成后面叙述的部分连接起来。
称之为 连缀动词(Linking Verb) ，跟再这种动词后面的部分，补足句子使它获得完整的意思，称之为 补语Complement

感官动词实际上也是系动词，而系动词与形容词连用时一般不加to 而使役动词与情态动词用法备蔽敏相差不大，
如let sb do sth
感官动词和使役动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时to省略,但被动语态要加to.
这一块可以参照第4章，不定式短语

中文的补语
补语的第一个特点：补语是句子中不可省略的成分。
补语的第二个特点：补语是对宾语动作或状态的补充说明，所以宾语与补语能够组合成一个完整的句子
英文的补语
补语的第一个特点：补语是句子中不可省略的成分
补语的第二个特点：宾语和补语间加入be动词后能够构成一个完整的并渣句子，且该句阐述的信息和原句意图表达的信息基本相同。

I found the homework difficult .
I asked students to learn dancing .
She heard Jean singing .

五中句型
S+V 主语+谓语
S+V+O 主谓宾
S+V+C 主谓补
S+V+O+O 主谓宾宾
S+V+O+C 主谓宾补语

定语、状语、补语说明

be动词直接翻译成是，下面的动词也可以翻译成各种各样的是
凡是接补语的动词，都可以翻译成是，也就是说这些动词都是接补语
look seem appear sound feel taste turn prove become make

The soup is too hot
That dress looks pretty --> That dress is pretty
The dog seems friendly --> The dog is friendly
His demands appear reasonable --> His demands is reasonable
I feel sick --> I am sick
The story proved false --> The story is false
He became a teacher --> He is a teacher
A nurse makes a good wife --> A nurse is a good wife

S V O O 结构
His father gives him a dog . (他爸爸给了他一条狗)
give sb sth . sth是直接宾语，sb是间接宾语

S V O C 主谓宾补语结构 ,
Let us call him Mowgli (让我们叫他莫格利)
莫格利属于him的补充说明
ask somebody to do sth
tell somebody to do sth
want some body to do sth
He tole me to clean the room
Tom wanted me to meet him

不定式省略to的9种情况

What did you do?
你干了什么？
如果你以中文的语序改为如下：

通常仿枝省略主语。
are you 和 do you 的区别

不要说话 (you)Don't talk
放学去我家 (you)Go to my house after scool
起立 (you)Stand up

否定结构

补语总结