大学英语四级考试选词填空技巧
大学英语四级考试选词填空技巧：综合解题
综合解题
将选项分类之后，就得从文章中来寻找对应的线索了。选项与文章匹配的因素有两个，第一是词性，第二是词义。所以在读文章时，要通过各种手段来确定空格的词性与意义。
(一)确定词性，确定选项的选择范围
1)关于动词的判断
前后都是名词短语，中间是动词 。
根据一句(包括从句)有且只有一个谓动的原则，其它地方如无谓语动词，则需要谓语动词;反之则不需要谓语动词。
Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but.
(will后面必然是原形动词，一起构成谓语)
55. O strike
Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.
(此句后只有一个to be，是非谓语动词，故空格必为谓语动词;且空格前后均为名词性，也基本确定它是动词。)
54. A estimate
一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。
The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru.
(前面是一个完整的句子，逗号后跟的，一般是非谓语动词短语。此题选项中非谓语动词只有一个，故直选之。)
50. L bringing
2)其它词的判断
形容词或名词修饰名词，限定词(the, this, that, a, my之类)后必有名词
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
47. F phenomenon
The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms.
49. E tropical
El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history.
(前面是最高级的修饰语，自然是形容词。)
52. J destructive
副词修饰形容词或动词
…, but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.(修饰形容词sure, 当为副词)
56. I completely
谓语动词前有名词主语
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
(happens是谓语动词，也可知前面为名词短语，缺一个核心名词。)
47. F phenomenon
介词后面必有名词
As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.
(在介词in的后面，当为名词无疑，此处整个短语来修饰lessen减少，当为在某个方面减少。)
48. B strength
(二)句里句外，猜测词义
一看搭配：主谓宾、主系表与修饰 词直接的搭配关系决定着词的意义。所以先看它被谁修饰，与谁形成主谓宾关系。看一种关系不行就看另一个，灵活处之。
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
strange修饰47，也许看不出来是什么，再看47与happen形成主谓关系，能够发生的是什么最好的当然是现象。
47. F phenomenon
二看逻辑：
1.句内(状语从句，解释，并列等)
As the trade winds lessen in 48, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.
此句有一个状语从句，as表示的时间或因果关系，是重要的解题线索。风的什么减少，温度就上升，当然是风的速度或风力。
48. B strength
So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51.
空格与前面两个名词并列，意味着意思相近。与干旱、收成不好一致的，很容易选出starvation饥荒.
51. K starvation
2.前文(指代等、句间连词)
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
This告诉我们，此处是重提前面讲到过的某个东西。前面讲到过的核心概念就是El Nino, 无疑是一种天气“现象”。
47. F phenomenon
表示可从前文找相应线索的有两类。
与this一大类的还有：This/these/such; the same/similar; worse/better/more/less等。
还有就是表示逻辑关系的句间连词，或者叫连接副词。主要的如下。
递进：Moreover/furthermore/what’more/besides/in addition/even/also
转折：however/but/rather/instead
因果：therefore/consequently/accordingly/thus/hence
3.后文
El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage.
段落开始部分，提出一个总的概括性的说法。往往在下文有分述。El Nino究竟带来的是什么样的天气，后面一句就交代得十分清楚。
52. J destructive (dead , damage)
(三)看习惯用法：固定搭配
Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage.
53. N worth 此处考的是worth这个词的特殊用法。它本是一个形容词，但可用…worth of sth, 来表明价值某物的某东西。
e.g. The fire caused thousands of pounds' worth of damage.
大学英语四级考试选词填空技巧：技巧练习
EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃(degrees centigrade).
The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51 .
EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.
Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
其选项如下：
A) estimate;
B) strength;
C) deliberately;
D) notify;
E) tropical;
F) phenomenon;
G) stable;
H) attraction;
I) completely;
J) destructive;
K) starvation;
L) bringing;
M) exhaustion;
N) worth;
O) strike
解题方法
一、辨析词性
把十五个选项按词性分别归入名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。
纵观样题和真题，我们知道15个词汇都属于最重要的四类实词。我们要学会每种词汇的基本搭配和基本用法。
辨性要注意下面几点。
1.遇到动词进行二次分类：确定时态，确定是第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数;但应注意动词+ed型的有两种可能性，动词或形容词;遇到名词要确定单数还是复数。
2.不认识的单词，看后缀。构词法中，前缀表明意思，后缀表明词性。所以看一个词的后缀，往往能大致分出词性。
3.词性一时无法确定的，暂时搁置，不必纠缠，影响全局。
4.作出相应的标记。可直接用自己最清楚的符号清楚标在每个词前后。不清楚的都标问号。
以真题为例辨词性
A) estimate; B) strength;
C) deliberately; D) notify;
E) tropical; F) phenomenon;
G) stable; H) attraction;
I) completely; J) destructive;
K) starvation; L) bringing;
M) exhaustion; N) worth;
O) Strike
名词：B,F,H,K,M
(B的`后缀th, H、K、M的tion都是名词后缀)
谓语动词：A,D,O
(A的-ate极可能是动词，D的-fy为动词后缀)
非谓语动词：L(-ing结尾)
形容词：E, G, J
(E的-cal, G的able, J的tive是形容词后缀)
副词：C和I(ly加在形容词后为副词后缀)
注意：即使从没见过，也想办法看能否判断其词性，词的性质有时比词义还重要。词的性质并不总是固定的，有些不认识的或无法确定的，如N) worth (adj./n.)，可先搁置，不要过度纠缠。
大学英语四级考试选词填空技巧：缩小选择范围
利用不定冠词(a/an)判断考点是否为元音开头，缩小选择范围
Sample: Husband and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products.
(scale, potential, gap, extreme, purchase, situation)
充分利用词库中的近义词或反义词
(若词库中出现一对近义或反义词，其中一个必定是干扰项.反义词考查学生对文章语境色彩的辨析，只要辨析考点单词是积极还是消极意义，就不难排除.近义词考查考生对词汇搭配用法的掌握，需要学生牢记近义词的各种用法及搭配。)
Sample：
A) gravely B) respect C) limited
D) specialize E) seriously F) promoting
G) involves H) relieved I) significant
J) magnificent K) range L) issues
M) result N) determining O) complicated
Today, we take pain______.
(此处应用副词做状语，考查近义词辨析.Take sth. seriously为固定搭配)
注意一词多性：词库中的词有的既是名词又是动词，有些分词也可以充当形容词，确定空白处所需单词词性后要全面考虑词库中的单词词性，不能遗漏。
