关于“庆元旦，迎新年”的英语资料
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新年介绍
“元”有始之意，“旦”指天明的时间，也通指白天。元旦，便是一年开始的第一天。“元旦”一词，最早出自南朝梁人萧子云《介雅》诗：“四气新元旦，万寿初今朝。”宋代吴自牧《梦梁录》卷一“正月”条目：“正月朔日，谓之元旦，俗呼为新年。
一岁节序，此为之首。”元旦，《书·舜典》中叫“元日”，汉代崔瑗《三子钗铭》中叫“元正”；晋代庾阐《扬都赋》中称作“元辰”；北齐时的一篇《元会大享歌皇夏辞》中呼为“元春”；唐德宗李适《元日退朝观军仗归营》诗中谓之“元朔”。自来元旦指的是夏历（农历、阴历）正月初一。在汉语各地方言中有不同叫法，有叫“大年初一”的，有叫“大天初一”的，有叫“年初一”的，一般又叫“正月初一”。
我国历代元旦的月日并不一致。夏代在正月初一，商代在十二月初一，周代在十一月初一，秦始皇统一六国后，又以十月初一日为元旦，自此历代相沿未改（《史记》）。汉武帝太初元年时，司马迁创立了“太初历”，这才又以正月初一为元旦，和夏代规定一样，所以又称“夏历”，一直沿用到辛亥革命。中华民国建立，孙中山为了“行夏正，所以顺农时；从西历，所以便统计”，定正月初一（元旦）为春节，而以西历（公历）1月1日为新年。
1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过使用“公元纪年法”，将农历正月初一称“春节”，将公历1月1日定为“元旦”。
The celebration of the new year is the oldest of all holidays. It was first observed in ancient Babylon about 4000 years ago. In the years around 2000 BC, the Babylonian New Year began with the first New Moon (actually the first visible cresent) after the Vernal Equinox (first day of spring).
The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year. After all, it is the season of rebirth, of planting new crops, and of blossoming. January 1, on the other hand, has no astronomical nor agricultural significance. It is purely arbitrary.
The Babylonian new year celebration lasted for eleven days. Each day had its own particular mode of celebration, but it is safe to say that modern New Year's Eve festivities pale in comparison.
The Romans continued to observe the new year in late March, but their calendar soon became out of synchronization with the sun.
In order to set the calendar right, the Roman senate, in 153 BC, declared January 1 to be the beginning of the new year. But tampering continued until Julius Caesar, in 46 BC, established what has come to be known as the Julian Calendar. It again established January 1 as the new year. But in order to synchronize the calendar with the sun, Caesar had to let the previous year drag on for 445 days.
However, in AD 567 the Council of Tours abolished January first in favor of March as the start of a new year, varying the actual day to coincide with the Vernal Equinox. New Year celebrations lasted for several days. The first day of the new year was moved back to January 1 with the advent of the Gregorian Calendar by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582.
“元”有始之意，“旦”指天明的时间，也通指白天。元旦，便是一年开始的第一天。“元旦”一词，最早出自南朝梁人萧子云《介雅》诗：“四气新元旦，万寿初今朝。”宋代吴自牧《梦梁录》卷一“正月”条目：“正月朔日，谓之元旦，俗呼为新年。
一岁节序，此为之首。”元旦，《书·舜典》中叫“元日”，汉代崔瑗《三子钗铭》中叫“元正”；晋代庾阐《扬都赋》中称作“元辰”；北齐时的一篇《元会大享歌皇夏辞》中呼为“元春”；唐德宗李适《元日退朝观军仗归营》诗中谓之“元朔”。自来元旦指的是夏历（农历、阴历）正月初一。在汉语各地方言中有不同叫法，有叫“大年初一”的，有叫“大天初一”的，有叫“年初一”的，一般又叫“正月初一”。
我国历代元旦的月日并不一致。夏代在正月初一，商代在十二月初一，周代在十一月初一，秦始皇统一六国后，又以十月初一日为元旦，自此历代相沿未改（《史记》）。汉武帝太初元年时，司马迁创立了“太初历”，这才又以正月初一为元旦，和夏代规定一样，所以又称“夏历”，一直沿用到辛亥革命。中华民国建立，孙中山为了“行夏正，所以顺农时；从西历，所以便统计”，定正月初一（元旦）为春节，而以西历（公历）1月1日为新年。
1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过使用“公元纪年法”，将农历正月初一称“春节”，将公历1月1日定为“元旦”。
The celebration of the new year is the oldest of all holidays. It was first observed in ancient Babylon about 4000 years ago. In the years around 2000 BC, the Babylonian New Year began with the first New Moon (actually the first visible cresent) after the Vernal Equinox (first day of spring).
The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year. After all, it is the season of rebirth, of planting new crops, and of blossoming. January 1, on the other hand, has no astronomical nor agricultural significance. It is purely arbitrary.
The Babylonian new year celebration lasted for eleven days. Each day had its own particular mode of celebration, but it is safe to say that modern New Year's Eve festivities pale in comparison.
The Romans continued to observe the new year in late March, but their calendar soon became out of synchronization with the sun.
In order to set the calendar right, the Roman senate, in 153 BC, declared January 1 to be the beginning of the new year. But tampering continued until Julius Caesar, in 46 BC, established what has come to be known as the Julian Calendar. It again established January 1 as the new year. But in order to synchronize the calendar with the sun, Caesar had to let the previous year drag on for 445 days.
However, in AD 567 the Council of Tours abolished January first in favor of March as the start of a new year, varying the actual day to coincide with the Vernal Equinox. New Year celebrations lasted for several days. The first day of the new year was moved back to January 1 with the advent of the Gregorian Calendar by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582.
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