Question

GRE数学题(看不懂

At a certain company, employees who earn $20.00 per hour will be given an increase of $1.00 per hour. For each of the other employees, either the employee will be given an increase of $1.00 per hour or the employee will be given a percent increase equal to the percent increase that will be given to the employees who earn $20.00 per
hour, whichever results in a larger increase for that employee. Which of the following statements are true? Indicate all such statements.
A. An employee who earns less than $20.00 per hour will be given a percent increase that is greater than the percent increase that will be given to the employees who earn $20.00 per hour.
B. An employee who earns $22.00 per hour will be given an increase of $1.10 per hour.
C. An employee who earns $24.00 per hour will earn $25.20 per hour after the increase.

感谢大牛

Answer 1

其实GRE数学难度不大，主要是你可能不认识一些数学专有名词的英文表达，所以导致的题目看不懂，给一些数学名词的英文表达，试着去了解题目吧。
数学符号 Mathematical symbols
等于：equal to, thae same as, is
不等：>more than
<less than
>= no less than
<= no more than
加：add, plus, more than, sum
减：minus, subtract( to take away by or as if by deducting ), less than, difference
乘：multiply, times, product(the number or expression resulting from the multiplication together of two or more numbers or expressions)
除：divide, quotient(the number resulting from the division of one number by another)
绝对值：absolute value
平方：square
立方：cube
开平方：square root
开立方：cube root
平行：parallel to
垂直：perpendicular to(a : standing at right angles to the plane of the horizon : exactly upright b : being at right angles to a given line or plane)
数字前缀
1--uni, mono
2--bi, du, di
3--tri, ter
4--tetra, quad
5--penta, quint
6--hex, sex
7--sept, hapta
8--oct
9--enn
10--dec, deka
方程和函数
方程 equation
一元二次方程 quadratic（involving terms of the second degree at most） equations
多元一次方程组 simultaneous（satisfied by the same values of the variables） linear equations
二元二次方程组 simultaneous quadratic equations
解 solution, root, zero
变量 variable
常量（数） constant(something invariable or unchanging)
项 term
系数 coefficient(any of the factors of a product considered in relation to a specific factor especially : a constant factor of a term as distinguished from a variable)
函数 function
数列和集合
等差数列 arithmetic(a branch of mathematics that deals usually with the nonnegative real numbers including sometimes the transfinite cardinals and with the application of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to them) progression
等比数列 geometric(a : of, relating to, or according to the methods or principles of geometry b : increasing in a geometric progression) progression
集合 set
子集 subset
序列 sequence
序列中的项 term
包含序列的首末项 inclusive
不包含序列的首末项 exclusive
排列组合与概率
排列 permutation(a : the act or process of changing the lineal order of an ordered set of objects b : an ordered arrangement of a set of objects)
组合 combination(an ordered sequence: as a : a sequence of letters or numbers chosen in setting a lock also : the mechanism operating or moved by the sequence b : a rapid sequence of punches in boxing c : any subset of a set considered without regard to order within the subset)
概率 probability, possibility
数论 number theory
数字 digit
奇数 odd number
偶数 even number
整数 integer, whole number
正整数 positive integer
连续整数 consecutive(following one after the other in order) integer
自然数 natural number
非零数 nonzero
正数 positive number
负数 negative number
有理数 rational(involving only multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction and only a finite number of times)
无理数 irrational(a number that can be expressed as an infinite decimal with no set of consecutive digits repeating itself indefinitely and that cannot be expressed as the quotient of two integers)
实数 real number
加 addition
合数 composite(made up of distinct parts) number
质数 prime number
因子 factor, divisor
公因子 common factor
质因数 prime factor
公约数 common divisior
最大公约数 the greatest common divisor GCD
公倍数 common multiple
最小公倍数 the least common multiple LCM
乘 multiply
乘数 multiplier
几倍 times
A是B的两倍 twice as many A as B
A是B的3/2倍 3/2 as many A as B
A比B多20%，（A-B）/B=20%A is 20% more than B
除以 divide
除数 divisor
商 quotient(the number resulting from the division of one number by another)
余数 remainder
整除 divisibility
可整除的 divisible by， evenly divisible
小数 decimals(numbered or proceeding by tens: a : based on the number 10 especially : expressed in or utilizing a decimal system especially with a decimal point b : subdivided into 10th or 100th units)
小数点 decimal point
分数 fractions(a numerical representation (as 3/4, 5/8, or 3.234) indicating the quotient of two numbers)
循环小数 reccuring decimal
有限小数 terminating decimal
分子 numerator(the part of a fraction that is above the line and signifies the number to be divided by the denominator)
分母 denominator(the part of a fraction that is below the line and that functions as the divisor of the numerator)
真分数 proper faction
假分数 improper fraction
带分数 mixed number
个位数 units' digit
十位数 tens' digit
百位数 hundreds' digit
两位数 2-digit number
十进制 decimalism, decimal notation, an integer in base 10 notation
十分位 tenth, tenths' digit
单利、复利和价格
单利 simple interest
复利 compound interest
成本 cost
折扣 discount
预付定金;分期付款 down payment(a part of the full price paid at the time of purchase or delivery with the balance to be paid later broadly : the first step in a process)
利率 interst rate
标价 list price
差额 margin
涨价 mark up
降价 mark down
毛利 markup( an amount added to the cost price to determine the selling price broadly)
利润 profit
购买价 purchasing price
零售价 retail value
销售价 sale price
折旧 depreciation(to lower the price or estimated value of )
代数 algebra
算术平均数 arithmetic mean
几何平均数 geometric mean
平均数 average
中位数 median
众数 mode
期望 expectation
偏差 deviation
方差 variance
标准差 standard deviation
范围 range
底数 base
近似 closest approximation
降低后的 reduced
下降后的 decreased
从...下降到... decrease...to...
下降了 decrease by...
增加后的 increased
从...增加到... increase...to...
增加了... increase by...
定义 define
表示，代表 denote(to serve as an indication of )
不同的 distinct
表达式 expression
用...表达 in terms of
最小值 minimum, least possible
最大值 maximum
人均 per capita(equally to each individual)
指数 power
正比于 proportional to
比率 ratio
倒数 reciprocal（either of a pair of numbers (as 2/3 and 3/2 or 9 and 1/9) whose product is one broadly）
四舍五入到十分位 rounded(to express as a round number ― often used with off <11.3572 rounded off to two decimal places becomes 11.36>) to the nearest tenth
连续的 successive, in a row
平局 tie
两个数字 two digits
几何 geometry
坐标 coordinate(a : any of a set of numbers used in specifying the location of a point on a line, on a surface, or in space b : any one of a set of variables used in specifying the state of a substance or the motion of a particle or momentum)
横坐标 abscissa(the horizontal coordinate of a point in a plane Cartesian coordinate system obtained by measuring parallel to the x-axis)
纵坐标 ordinate(the Cartesian coordinate obtained by measuring parallel to the y-axis）
解析几何 coordinate geometry
斜率 slope
y轴截距 y-intercept
数轴 number lines
象限 quadrant
角度 degree
锐角 acute(characterized by sharpness or severity ) angle
直角 right angle
钝角 obtuse(not pointed or acute ) angle
顶角 vertex(vertices) angle
平角 straight angle
平分 bisect
角平分线 angle bisector(e that bisects especially : a straight line that bisects an angle or a line segment)
正北方 due(DIRECTLY, EXACTLY) north
长度 length
高度 altitude, height
大小，维度 dimension( a (1) : measure in one direction specifically : one of three coordinates determining a position in space or four coordinates determining a position in space and time (2) : one of a group of properties whose number is necessary and sufficient to determine uniquely each element of a system of usually mathematical entities (as an aggregate of points in real or abstract space) <the surface of a sphere has two dimensions> also : a parameter or coordinate variable assigned to such a property <the three dimensions of momentum> (3) : the number of elements in a basis of a vector space b : the quality of spatial extension : MAGNITUDE, SIZE c : a lifelike or realistic quality d : the range over which or the degree to which something extends : SCOPE ― usually used in plural e : one of the elements or factors making up a complete personality or entity : ASPECT)
周长 perimeter(a : the boundary of a closed plane figure b : the length of a perimeter )
面积 area
距离 distance
直线 line
线段 segment(the finite part of a line between two points in the line)
中点 mid point
相交 intersect(to meet and cross at a point )
平行线 parallel lines
垂直线 perpendicular(a : standing at right angles to the plane of the horizon : exactly upright b : being at right angles to a given line or plane) lines
弧 arc(degree measurement on the circumference of a circle ― used especially in the phrase of arc <11 minutes 3 seconds of arc>)
弧度（弧长/半径） radian(a unit of plane angular measurement that is equal to the angle at the center of a circle subtended by an arc whose length equals the radius or approximately 57.3 degrees)
中心 center
圆 circle
圆周长 circumference( the perimeter of a circle )
半径 radius( a line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bounding surface )
直径 diameter(the length of a straight line through the center of an object )
内切 inscribe(to draw within a figure so as to touch in as many places as possible )
外接 circumscribe(a : to draw a line around b : to surround by or as if by a boundary )
切线 tangent(meeting a curve or surface in a single point if a sufficiently small interval is considered )
顺时针 clockwise
逆时针 counterclockwise（in a direction opposite to that in which the hands of a clock rotate as viewed from in front）
同心圆 concentric (having a common center)circle
对角线 diagonal( joining two vertices of a rectilinear figure that are nonadjacent or two vertices of a polyhedral figure that are not in the same face)
三角形 triangle
直角三角形 right triangle
斜边 hypotenuse(the side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite the right angle)
等腰三角形 isosceles(having two equal sides ) triangle
等边三角形 equilateral( having all sides equal ) triangle
三角形的中线 median of a triangle
四边形 quadrilateral(a polygon of four sides)
平行四边形 parallelogram(a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and equal)
长方形 rectangle
正方形 square
梯形 trapezoid
五边形 pentagon(a polygon of five angles and five sides)
六边形 hexagon(a polygon of six angles and six sides)
八边形 octagon(a polygon of eight angles and eight sides)
十边形 decagon(a plane polygon of 10 angles and 10 sides)
多边形 polygon
正多边形 regular polygon
全等的 congruent(congruous,being in agreement, harmony, or correspondence)
面 face
边 side
平面 plane
交叠 overlap(to extend over or past and cover a part of )
正方体 cube
长方体 rectangular solid
圆柱 cylinder（the surface traced by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a fixed planar closed curve ）
圆锥 cone
球 sphere
表面积 surface area
体积 volume

Answer 2

每小时工资 20 美元的，每小时增加 1 美元；
其余员工，要么每小时增加 1 美元，要么与工资 20 美元的增加百分比相同（也就是按 5% 增加），并且每个员工按工资增加最大为准。

以下正确的是：
a）每小时工资低于 20 美元的，将获得比 20 美元的增加百分比更大。
这是正确的。因为低于 20 美元的增加 1 美元，超过 5% 。
b）每小时工资 22 美元的，将获得 1.1 美元增长。
这是正确的。22×5% = 1.1 。
c）每小时工资为 24 美元的，在工资增加后每小时工资为 25.2 美元。
这是正确的。24×(1+5%) = 25.2 。