[新概念第二册课文翻译及知识点【Lesson94、95、96】]新概念第二册知识点
【导语】新概念英语作为一套世界闻名的英语教程，以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课文内容和全面的技能训练，深受广大英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。为了方便同学们的学习，大范文网为大家整理了最全面的新概念第二册课文翻译及知识点，希望为大家的新概念英语学习提供帮助!
Lesson94
【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What kind of race do the children compete in?
Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.
【课文翻译】
实验证明，儿童在很小的时候就可以开始学习游泳。在洛杉矶的一个特设的游泳池里，孩子们甚至在还没有学会走路时就已经能熟练地在水下屏住呼吸了。两个月的婴儿并未显得不愿意入水。他们很快便适应了游泳，以致能捡起池底的物品。这些幼小的游泳运动员非常喜爱的一种游戏是水下三轮车比赛。三轮车并排放在7英尺深的游泳池底上。孩子们比赛看谁先到达游泳池的另一端。很多孩子用脚蹬车，但多数孩子更愿意推或是拉着三轮车。有些孩子能够跑完游泳池的全长而不用露出水面换气。他们将来是否能成为奥林匹克的冠军，这只能由时间来作出回答。与此同时，他们对我们中的那些游不了5码就已喘不过气来的人应该是种鼓舞。
【生词汇总】
instruct v. 指导，传授
Los Angeles洛杉矶
reluctant adj. 勉强的，不愿意的
weight n. 重物
underwater adj. 水下的
tricycle n. 三轮车
compete v. 比赛，对抗
yard n. 码
gasp v. 喘气
【知识点讲解】
1. Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. 实验证明，儿童在很小的时候就可以开始学习游泳。
1)Instruct vt.教授 ; 命令
instruct sb. in english教某人英语
Instruct sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事
He was instructed to sail for New York. 他奉命前往纽约。
teach最普通用词，含义广泛。指直接教某人知识或技能等，侧重传播知识和帮助应用知识。
instruct与teach含义很接近，但语体较正式。指系统、详细、精心地传播知识，侧重教授与指示。
2)at a very early age 这是一个固定的搭配，“ 在很小的时候”。年龄的表达还有很多种形式，例如：“他20岁”
He is twenty.
He is twenty years old.
He is a twenty-year-old man.
He is aged twenty. (age可用作动词)
He is at age twenty.
He is at the age of twenty.
He is twenty years of age.
表示“在某人几十多岁”，用“in one"s +基数词复数形式”，例如：
他七十多岁。He is in his seventies.(从70岁到79岁之间)
她五十多岁。She is in her fifties.(从50岁到59岁之间)
2. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. 在洛杉矶的一个特设的游泳池里，孩子们甚至在还没有学会走路时就已经能熟练地在水下屏住呼吸了。
句型： before 引导时间状语从句，译为“在…之前…”。
1)expert表示“熟练者”、“专家”， 后面通常跟at/in/on sth/doing sth.结构
He was an expert in reproducing of ancient pictures.
他是一个临摹古画的能手
The scientist is an expert in the field of Biochemistry.
这位科学家是生化学领域中的专家
2)hold one"s breath 为固定短语，表示“屏住呼吸”：
Hold your breath for a few seconds.
屏息几秒钟。
out of breath:上气不接下气
She was out of breath from climbing the stairs.
爬楼梯使她上气不接下气的。
waste one"s breath;白费口舌
Don"t waste your breath on him.
不要对他白费唇舌。
in one breath:片刻
Several students made the request in one breath.
好几个学生同时提出这个要求。
3. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. 他们很快便适应了游泳，以致能捡起池底的物品。
1)句型：It is not long before… “不久…”“很快…”
It will not be a long time before we finish this dictionary.
我们用不了多长时间就能把这部词典编完。
so…that…引导结果状语从句的从属连词
He was so angry that he couldn’t speak.
他气得话都说不出来。
2)be accustomed to(=be used to doing) 表示“习惯于”、“适应…”，后面通常跟名词或动名词：
I"m accustomed to cold weather.
我习惯了冷天气。
accustom oneself to sth./doing sth. …“使自己养成...的习惯”，“使自己适应…”
She found it necessary to accustom herself to getting up early.
她发现让自己养成早起的习惯是很必要的。
4. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. 这些幼小的游泳运动员非常喜爱的一种游戏是水下三轮车比赛。
句型： that 引导定语从句(that is very popular with these young swimmers)修饰 a game。
1)be popular with(among)“ 受…的欢迎”，“为…所喜爱”
Mary is popular with / among children.
玛丽受孩子们的欢迎。
2) tricycle = tri+ cycle 三轮车
常见的拉丁数字前缀：
One – uni – unique 独特的(唯一); uniform 制服
Two – bi/du- bicycle自行车(两个轮子);bilingual 双语的; dual 二重的
Three- tri- triangle 三角形
Four - quadr/quart - quadruple 四倍
Five – quint- quintuple 五倍;quincentenary 五百周年纪念的
Six - sex- sexangle 六边形; sextet 六重奏
Seven - sept- septangle 七边形 ;septennial 七年一度的
Eight - octa- octopus 章鱼(章鱼有八条腿); octapod 章鱼类生物
Nine - non- nonagon 九边形 ;nonet 九重奏; nonuple 九倍
Ten - deci- decimalism 十进制; decimeter 十米
Half - semi- simicircle 半圆 ;semicolonial 半殖民地
Many - multi- multitude 多数，大量;multimedia 多媒体
Hundred - cent- century 世纪; centigrade 度
5. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. 他们将来是否能成为奥林匹克的冠军，这只能由时间来作出回答。
1)Whether 引导的从句，是tell 宾语，正常语序为“only time will tell whether they …”
宾语从句置于句首，表示强调。通常，以疑问词引导的宾语从句会用于这种句型：
Whether she will come or not , no one knows.
她是否会来，没有人知道。
2)whether 和 if的区别
(1)whether 和 if 在引导宾语从句时一般可以通用：
I don"t care whether/if it will rain or not.
(2)当后面跟 or not 时，只能用whether.
I don"t care whether or not it will rain.
(3)宾语从句放置句首是，用 whether ，不用if
Whether it is true or not, I can"t say.
这个是真是假，我无法断言
(4)在介词后引导宾语从句时，用whether:
It all depends on whether they will support us.
这完全取决于他们是否支持我们
(5)用if 会引起歧义的时，用whether:
please let me know if you want come.
请通知我你是否想来/如果你想来请通知我们(歧义)
Please let me know whether you want to come.
请通知我你是否想来
(6)其它几种只用whether的情况：引导表语从句、同位语从句和让步状语从句;引导主语从句置于句首时(例3);后接动词不定式时。
Lesson95
【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why was the Ambassador particularly lucky?
When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
"What has happened?" she asked. "How did your clothes get into such a mess?"
"A fire extinguisher, my dear," answered the Ambassador drily. "University students set the Embassy on fire this morning."
"Good heavens!" exclaimed his wife. "And where were you at the time?"
"I was in my office as usual," answered the Ambassador. "The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted."
The Ambassador"s wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband"s hat.
"And how can you explain that?" she asked.
"Oh, that," said the Ambassador. "Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don"t you think? Fortunately, I wasn"t wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch."
【课文翻译】
当艾斯卡罗比亚国的大使回到家吃午饭时，把他的夫人吓了一跳。他面色苍白，衣服也搞得不成样子。
“发生了什么事?”她问，“你的衣服怎么搞得一塌糊涂?”
“灭火器弄的，亲爱的，”大使冷冷地回答，“今天上午大学生们放火点着了大使馆。”
“天啊!”他的夫人惊叫，“那你当时在什么地方?”
“我和往常一样，在办公室里，”大使回答说。“地下室突然着火，我当然马上下去了。但那个傻瓜霍斯特把灭火器对准了我。他认为是我着火了。我一定要把那个家伙打发走。”
大使夫人继续提出问题，她突然又发现丈夫的帽子上有个洞。
“那么你对那又作何解释呢?”她问。
“那个嘛，”大使说，“有人向我办公室窗户开了一枪。真够准的，是不是?幸亏我当时没戴帽子。如果真戴着它，我现在就不能回家来吃午饭了。”
【生词汇总】
fantasy n. 幻想故事
ambassador n. 大使
Escalopia n. 艾斯卡罗比亚(虚构的国名)
frightful adj. 可怕的，令人吃惊的
fire extinguisher 灭火器
drily adv. 冷淡地，枯燥无味地
embassy n. 大使馆
heaven n. 天，天堂
basement n. 地下室
definitely adv. 肯定地
post v. 派任
shot n. 子弹
【知识点讲解】
1. When the Ambassador or Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. 当艾斯卡罗比亚国的大使回到家吃午饭时，把他的夫人吓了一跳。
Japan"s ambassador to China 日本驻华大使
Embassy of Japan in China日本驻华大使馆
2. "How did your clothes get into such a mess?"“你的衣服怎么搞得一塌糊涂?”
mess 表示“脏乱状态”时通常与in连用或与 get into连用，get into such a mess“一塌糊涂”。
Why was your hair in such a mess?
你的头发怎么会那么乱?
Your bedroom is totally in a mess.
你的卧室简直一团糟。
mess动词把…弄乱，作此意时，多数会和up连用，to mess up指把什么东西弄坏，陷入困境
I was used to him messing up the kitchen.
我对他把厨房弄脏已经习惯了
Don"t let alcohol or drug mess up your brain.
不要让酒精和毒品毁掉你的头脑。
If you mess up, it"s not your parents" fault, so don"t whine about our mistakes, learn from them.
如果你陷入困境，那不是你父母的错，因此不要为我们的错误发牢骚，从中吸取教训吧。
3. University students set the Embassy on fire this morning. 今天上午大学生们放火点着了大使馆。
set… on fire/set fire to sth 纵火，引起点火或燃烧
The police found out the criminal who had set the cinema on fire yesterday.
警察查出了昨天纵火烧电影院的犯人。
In 1834, someone set fire to the Houses of Parliament.
1834年，有人放火点着了国会大厦。
4. "I was in my office as usual," answered the Ambassador. "The fire broke out in the basement. “我和往常一样，在办公室里，”大使回答说。“地下室突然着火，我当然马上下去了。”
break out (=begin suddenly) 火灾、战争、火山、地震爆等“突然发生”、“爆发”
In the world anti-Facist wars,the Sino-Japanese war was the first to break out and lasted the longest.
在这场世界反法西斯战争中，中国人民抗日战争开始最早、持续时间最长。
5. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted."“我当然马上下去了。但那个傻瓜霍斯特把灭火器对准了我。他认为是我着火了。我一定要把那个家伙打发走。”
aim的用法说明 ：
1) 不管用作名词还是动词，其后均常接介词 at
He aimed hisgun at the bird, but did not fire.
他用枪瞄准鸟，但没开枪。
He took aim at the bird, but missed.
他向鸟瞄准，但没射中。
有时其后也接介词 for, 表示希望达到某个目标：
We should aimfor the best results.
我们要力争获得最好的结果
2) 其后接不定式，表示“想要做某事” (有时可与aim at doing互换)：
He aims to become (=at becoming) a computer expert.
他想成为计算机专家
3) 用作名词，表示“目的”、“目标”等，是可数名词;表示“瞄准”，是不可数名词：
John has only one aim in life --- to be amillionaire.
约翰的人生只有一个目标，就是成为百万富翁
Takecareful aim at the target.
仔细瞄准
4) “实现目标”在英语中要用动词 achieve, 一般不用 reach：
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
Lesson96
【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What happens to the lanterns at the end of the festival?
A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way. All night long, people dance and sing. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water when the festival is over. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.
【课文翻译】
日本每年过一次“亡灵节”。这个节日是个欢乐的日子，因为在这一天，据说死去的人要回到他们的家里来，活着的人则对他们表示欢迎。因为预料到他们在经过长途旅行之后会感到饥饿，所以为他们摆放好了食品。特制的灯笼挂在各家的门外，为的是帮助亡灵看清道路。整个夜晚人们载歌载舞。一大早，人们便把为死者摆放的食品扔进河中或海里，因为人们认为活着的人吃了这些东西是不吉利的。在靠海的城镇中，头天夜里挂在大街小巷的小灯笼在节后就放在了水里。成千上万只灯笼慢慢漂向大海，指引着亡灵返回另一个世界。这是一个感人的场面，人们成群地伫立在海岸上，注视着灯笼远去，直到再也看不见为止。
【生词汇总】
festival n. 节日
lantern n. 灯笼
spectacle n. 景象，壮观，场面
【知识点讲解】
1. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. 这个节日是个欢乐的日子，因为在这一天，据说死去的人要回到他们的家里来，活着的人则对他们表示欢迎。
(1)the dead与the living 均为定冠词+ 形容词结构，表示某类人。
(2)被动句， 主动形式 the living say the dead will return to their home and they show their welcome.
2. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them. 因为预料到他们在经过长途旅行之后会感到饥饿，所以为他们摆放好了食品。
as 引导原因状语从句，as从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果。
As he didn"t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary.
由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。
除此as 还可以引导
(1)时间状语从句：as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。
(2)方式状语从句：此处as译为，按照或正如
Draw a cat as I taught you .
按照我教你的画一只猫。
(3)让步状语从句：as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用though或although引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。
Child as he is , he knows a lot.
虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。
(4)比较状语从句：连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as，从属连词有as…as, not so/as…as, the same…as, such…as。
Mary is as old as my sister.
玛利和我姐姐一样大。
He doesn"t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).
他不如杰克跑得那样快。
His book is the same as mine.
他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。
Lay out 其含义之一为“摆出”、“摊开”：
Just as he laid out his book, the telephone rang.
他刚把书摊开电话就响了。
3. specially-made lanterns，特制的灯笼。
specially-made 是个复合形容词，由副词+过去分词构成。
well-known 著名的
well-preserved 保存/保养得好的
4. All night long(=during the whole night)整个夜晚， all day long (= all the day)整天
long 在这里是副词，表示“整个”、“在整段期间中”，通常与 all 连用：
She stayed with her grandfather all summer long.
她整个夏天都和她爷爷呆在一起。
5. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. 成千上万只灯笼慢慢漂向大海，指引着亡灵返回另一个世界。
The other world 另一个世界
Many people believe that when they die they will go to the other world.
许多人们相信，他们离开人世会去另一个世界。
hereafter 来世
Do you believe in the hereafter?
你是否相信有来世?
