Question

求助：请英语高手帮我翻译下这篇论文啊~急急急~

“人性”与“神性”的抗争
——从《巴黎圣母院》、《红字》、《荆棘鸟》看西方宗教下的爱情悲剧

[摘要] 爱情,是人类永恒的话题,而在西方宗教的禁欲主义压制下,爱情每每带有悲剧色彩。在西方文学作品关于神职人员的爱情的描写中,便有了“人性”与“神性”的抗争。本文试从三部作品诠释西方宗教下的爱情悲剧。
[关键词] 爱情;人性;神性;抗争;悲剧

爱情,永远是人类生活中最美好的情感之一。爱情与“谈爱色变”的禁欲主义一直在作着努力的抗争,即“人性”与“神性”的抗争。尽管这种碰撞都带有悲剧色彩。本文试从这个角度出发探讨《巴黎圣母院》、《红字》、《荆棘鸟》中笼罩在宗教统治下的爱情悲剧。

扭曲、变态的爱情———人性悲剧
19世纪法国浪漫主义作家雨果在《巴黎圣母院》中塑造的副主教克洛德一直被看作邪恶势力的代表,也是人们极力鞭挞的对象,但如果认真考察他的内心世界及同周围环境的联系,就不难发现,他身上不仅有牧师的虚伪,也有着人性遭到压抑之后的悲哀。纵观14世纪后期的欧洲,资产阶级掀起人文主义运动,这场运动直接抨击了中世纪的教会的精神独裁和禁欲主义,追求个人的现世幸福已成为普遍现象,而克洛德作为社会的一员,也有了人性的要求。但他一直过着远离女人的清修生活,节制自己的各种欲望,并且自以为是快乐的。直到见到了在巴黎街头跳舞的艾斯美拉达,人的意识才觉醒了。他被这种强烈的爱折磨着,无论是白天还是黑夜,都在忍受着一种比死亡力量还要强大的苦刑。作为一个神职人员,这可谓是大逆不道。但是副主教也是一个人,宗教的知识不能满足他对生活的要求,作为一个人,他也有人的感情、人的欲望、人的爱。基于这种爱,他才念念不平,发出人性的呼喊:“究竟,一个男人爱上了一个女人,这并不是他的错。”
然而,正因为他所要求的这种爱是他所代表的那种势力和环境所不能允许的,因此,它的表现出来的方式便是扭曲的,变形的。人要想得到解放,就必须消灭集中表现在他本身处境中的一切违反人性的生活条件,但是带着十字架的副主教既没有这样的勇气,也没有这样的能力和觉悟。他一方面憎恨宗教的非人性,一方面又在心里激起了对自己人性要求的憎恨。他极力把这双重的憎恨搅合在一起,便自己成为一个无法解脱的疯狂的人。于是在他爱而不得中,他设置了一系列阴谋,劫持爱斯美拉达,诬陷她,直到把她送上绞刑架,处在“人性”与“神性”双重压迫下的克洛德,最终也在自己布下的宗教网中毁灭了。雨果曾宣称:“人是生来善良、纯洁、公正和诚实的,如果他的心变得冰冷,那是因为有人熄灭了他的火焰……”正是教会势力的“非人性”,才决定了克洛德的畸形可怕爱情观,才有了他为人性而丧失人性的追求。

Answer 1

"Humanity" and "spirit" of protest -- from "Notre Dame de Paris", "The Scarlet Letter". "Father," the tragic love of Western religion [Abstract] love, is the perpetual topic. asceticism and religious suppression in the West, often with tragic love color. Love of the clergy in Western literature described, it will have a "human" and "divine" protests. This paper works from the three Western religions interpret the tragic love. Key words : love; Humanity; God; Protests; Tragedy of love, human life will always be one of the best feelings. Love and "Love phobia" of asceticism has been making efforts for the protest, "human" and "divine" protests. While such collisions have a tragic aura. This paper tries to explore from the perspective of "Notre Dame de Paris", "The Scarlet Letter". "Bird" in religious rule over the tragic love. Distorted, abnormal human tragedy of love -- the 19th century French Romantic writer Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris" Gerardi Claude mold has been seen as evil forces, It also strongly denounced the target, but if he really serious in the hearts of the world and ties with the surrounding environment. it is easy to see that he is not only hypocritical priests, and have been suppressed after human tragedy. Taking the late 14th century Europe, the bourgeoisie set off humanist movement, This campaign directly attacked the church in the spirit of the medieval dictatorship and asceticism. The pursuit of personal happiness has become a common phenomenon in this life, and Claude, as a member of society, with the dictates of humanity. However, he has lived a quiet life away from the woman, the desire to restrain oneself and opinionated happy. See dancing in the streets of Paris until the Erskine U.S. Lada, the sense of awakening. He was afflicted with such a strong sense of love, whether it is day or night, have to put up with a more powerful force than the death of Torture. As a priest, it can be outrageous. But Gerardi is a human being, not religious knowledge to meet the demands of his life, as a person, He was also the feeling of passion, the love. Based on this love that he could always think about injustice, the issue of human shouted : "What a man and fell in love with a woman. This is not his fault. "However, It is because he is required by this kind of love and the forces he represents the kind of environmental permit, therefore, Its performance is way out of the twisted, deformed. Who wants to be emancipated, in his own focus on the need to eliminate all violations of human plight of the living conditions But with a crucifix Gerardi neither the courage nor the ability and awareness. He hated the one hand, the non-religious cults, on the other hand, in the heart of their humanity demanded that provoked hatred. He has tried hard to stir up hatred double this together, it could not extricate itself into a crazy person. Not because of his love, he set up a series of plot to hijack U.S. Lada love Slovakia, framed her. gallows until her into the forefront of the "human" and "divine" Claude double oppression. Bush also their ultimate destruction of a religious network. Victor Hugo once said : "Man is born good, clean, fair and honest, if he's really become cold. That is because he was out of the flames : : "It is the church's" non-human " Claude decided by the terrible deformities love, and have lost their humanity and the pursuit of his humanity.

Answer 2

作者简介：
维克多·雨果是法国浪漫主义学运动的领袖，是法国文学史上最伟大的作家之一。他的一生几乎跨越整个19世纪，他的文学生涯达60年之久，创作力经久不衰。他的浪漫主义
小说精彩动人，雄浑有力，对读者具有永久的魅力。
雨果1802年生于法国南部的欠尚松城。祖父是木匠，父亲是共和国军队的军官，曾被拿破仑的哥哥西班牙王约瑟夫·波拿巴授予将军衔，是这位国王的亲信重臣。