在定语从句中which和that用法有什么区别
首先我们来看下which和that的大致意思：
which：词性为代词，The weather was perfect, which made our picnic even more enjoyable. (天气非常好，这使得我们的野餐更加愉快。)
that：词性为代词，The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。)
通过下面的表格我们了解下which和that的含义、发音和用法
接下来让我们看下which和that的用法区别：
🚀🚀🚀 which 🚀🚀🚀
用法详解：在非限制性定语从句中解释或补充说明前面整个主句的内容
例子：
- which made our picnic even more enjoyable.
(这使得我们的野餐更加愉快。)
用法详解：作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代替整个主句的内容
例子：
- Yesterday we visited the museum, from which we learned a lot about history.
(昨天参观了博物馆，我们学到了很多有关历史的知识。)
用法详解：在非限制性定语从句中，which还可以表示让步或转折的意义
例子：
- He worked hard, which/although/though didn't help him pass the exam.
(尽管他很努力，但他并没有通过考试。)
🚀🚀🚀 that 🚀🚀🚀
用法详解：在限制性定语从句中修饰前面的名词或代词
例子：
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
(我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。)
用法详解：作为关系代词引导限制性定语从句时，可以代替前面的名词或代词
例子：
- That is the computer that I bought last year.
(这是我去年买的电脑。)
用法详解：在限制性定语从句中，that可以用于修饰不可数名词和复数名词
例子：
- I like the flowers that you bought for me.
(我喜欢你给我买的那些花。)
先行词指物时，关系代词that与which往往可以互换。但在下列情况中多用that。如：
All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西不都是金子。(先行词为不定代词时，多后接关系代词that)
It was the largest map that I ever saw. 那是我所看见过的最大的地图。(前有形容词最高级等的先行词之后多用that)
It was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life. 是解放给他的生活带来了彻底的改变。(强调结构用that)
There is a house that has bay windows. 有一栋房子的窗户是凸出来的。(that在此表固有的特点)
The distance that you are from home is immaterial. 你离家的距离是不足道的。(在限制性定语从句中关系代词用作表语应用that，在描述性定语从句中则应用which)
Which was the hotel that was recommended to you? 哪一个是推荐给你的旅馆?(这里用that显然是为了避免重复which)
在下列情况中则只能用which。如：
Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book. 拉里把我在书本开关叙述过的那个关于一个青年飞行员的故事讲给她听。(离先行词较远时常用which)
A store should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存在最畅销的货物。(“those+复形名词”之后多用which)
I have that which you gave me. 我有你给我的那个。(which比较正式，在非正式英语中也可用that)
Beijing, which has been China’s capital for more than 800 years, is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是八百多年的中国首都，有很丰富的历史文物。(非限制性定语从句一般皆用which)
This is the one of which I’m speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。(介词之后须用which)
已赞过
已踩过<
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
②在非限制性定语从句中.
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
⑥先行词是those+复数名词
用that的情况（6种）：先行词既有人又有物时，anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little为先行词时；先行词为 the only, the very, the just时；先行词被序数词、数词、形容词或最高级修饰时；当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；
