英语的动词过去式是啥
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表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加
-ed
,如:
work
---worked
play---played
wanted----wanted
act----acted
2、以不发音的
-e
结尾动词,动词词尾加
-d,如:
live---lived
move----moved
taste---tasted
hope---hoped
3、以辅音字母
+
y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i
再加-ed,如:
study---studied
copy---copied
cry---cried
carry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加
-ed,如:
stop
---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go
–
went
make
–
made
get
–
got
buy
-
bought
come
-
came
fly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw
/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔
:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—
bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi
〕—heard〔h
:d〕,
say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have
/has—
had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/
id
/音,
want
→wanted
(要)need
→needed
(需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/
t
/
音。
help
→helped
(帮助)laugh
→laughed
(笑)look
→looked
(看)
kiss
→kissed
(吻)wash
→washed
(洗)
watch
→watched
(注视)
(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/
d
/音。
call
→called
(叫)stay→stayed
(停留)cry→cried
(哭)
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加
-ed
,如:
work
---worked
play---played
wanted----wanted
act----acted
2、以不发音的
-e
结尾动词,动词词尾加
-d,如:
live---lived
move----moved
taste---tasted
hope---hoped
3、以辅音字母
+
y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i
再加-ed,如:
study---studied
copy---copied
cry---cried
carry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加
-ed,如:
stop
---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go
–
went
make
–
made
get
–
got
buy
-
bought
come
-
came
fly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw
/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔
:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—
bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi
〕—heard〔h
:d〕,
say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have
/has—
had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/
id
/音,
want
→wanted
(要)need
→needed
(需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/
t
/
音。
help
→helped
(帮助)laugh
→laughed
(笑)look
→looked
(看)
kiss
→kissed
(吻)wash
→washed
(洗)
watch
→watched
(注视)
(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/
d
/音。
call
→called
(叫)stay→stayed
(停留)cry→cried
(哭)
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