英语作文世界奇观100词左右(2)
介绍世界奇观英语作文篇4
The world is full of wonders which since the dawn1 of civilization man has created through his skill and talent. Early in history travelers began to list and describe the marvel they saw. Ancient2 writers limited their lists of wonders to seven, possibly because the number seven was thought to have a special meaning.
1. Great Pyramid
The only surviving wonder of the ancient world is the Great Pyramid. It was built nearly 5,000 years ago as the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh3 Khufu, who ruled about 2,700 B.C. Covering an area of 13 acres at its base, the pyramid contains nearly 2,500,000 well-cut stone blocks. Each block weighs about 2.5 tons, although some weigh many tons more. At its peak4 the pyramid originally5 rose to a height of 481 feet. The area it occupies could contain four of the largest European churches. Yet the men who built it did not have even animals for labor, let alone machinery. Even the wheel was unknown to them, and the huge stone blocks were then pulled by an enormous number of laborers. The only mechanical aids they had were levers6, and primitive7 cutting tools. Yet in spite of these difficulties, the Great Pyramid is so accurately constructed that a thin piece of glass can hardly be inserted8 between the close-fitting stones.
2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
The next oldest wonder was the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The 5th century Greek historian Herodotus has left us a full description of the gardens in all their glory. They were created over 2,500 years ago by King Nebuchadnezzar Ⅱ(605—562B.C.). Some say he had them made to delight his young bride9, who came from mountainous Persia10. Babylonia lay in the flat land of Mesopotamia11 and had no mountains. On the banks of the Euphrates River, which flowed through his royal city, the King's workmen raised an artificial12 hill 350 feet high. It was made up of a series of platforms with trees, lawns13, and flowers. Water from the river was pumped14 to the top of the hill and allowed to flow down through canals and small waterfalls. A heaven of coolness and beauty was created in that hot, thirsty land. Little remains of Babylon today except piles15 of broken mud brick.
3. Statue16 of Zeus
The huge figure of Zeus, King of the Gods, stood in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia in Greece. It was completed about 456 B.C. The statue rose to a height of 40 feet and almost touched the temple ceiling17. It was made of thin plates of gold and ivory18, covering a wooden form. The eyes were made of two large jewels. The statue was moved to Constantinople in the 5th century A.D. and was destroyed by fire about 475. Today visitors to Olympia, where the first Olympic Games were held, see only the foundations19 of the building in which it stood. But the workshop where the parts of the statue were prepared has been discovered nearby. Here some of the tools and even the molds20 from which the gold plates were made can still be seen.
4. Temple of Diana
Diana was the Roman name for Artemis, the Greek goddess of the moon, protecting unmarried girls and animals. She was worshipped21 in many places, but her most important temple was at Ephesus, near the coast22 of present-day Turkey. The temple, built in the 4th century B.C., was of white marble23, enriched with gold and silver. Precious24 jewels were stored below the temple. It was so lovely that it put all the other wonders in the shade.
5. Mausoleum
Also in Asia Minor(modern Turkey) was the Mausoleum. It was a marble tomb built for King Mausolus(?—353B.C.) by his wife, Artemisia(?—350?B.C). So beautiful was this monument that the word mausoleum has passed into our language and now means “burial place”. Unlike the pyramid and the Temple of Diana, the Mausoleum was not large. It was a bright jewel of a building, made of shining white marble. Rising to a height of 140 feet on a mound25 overlooking the little port of Halicarnassus, it was visible to ships entering the harbor. Its courtyard was surrounded26 by a wall. In the center of the court stood a high platform that was approached by splendid marble steps. Lions carved27 in marble guarded the approach. On a second wall surrounding the platform were more statues. At each corner were statues of proud warriors28 on horses. Other carved horses drew the chariot29 on the top of the building. In the chariot stood figures. Only a few fragments30 of this splendid mausoleum remain. Some are now in the British Museum in London. From these, scholars31 have been able to reconstruct the building in model form.
6. Colossus of Rhodes
This statue of the sun god Helios towered above the harbor of Rhodes, an island in the Aegean Sea. It stood over 100 feet high on a stone base that was itself higher than most statues. The Colossus was built in 280 B.C. It was made of metal32 that had been melted33 down from the arms used by Demetrius (337?-283 B.C.) when he attacked Rhodes in 305 B.C. After bravely resisting and defeating this invader34, the Rhodians built the statue as thanks offering to their god. The Colossus shaded35 its eyes and gazed out to sea. Twenty times the height of a man, it stood at the harbor entrance for only 56 years. In 224 B.C. it was thrown to the ground by an earthquake36. The large metal plates lay there for centuries until, in the 7th century A.D, they were carried away and sold by tradesmen.
7. Pharos
The pharos was the forerunner37 of all lighthouses. It was built on the island of Pharos near Alexandria, the gateway to Egypt, between 285 and 247 B.C. It stood about 400 feet high and was built in levels. The top supported a pan38 in which a fire burned day and night. A huge mirror, possibly made of metal, reflected the light so brightly that it could be seen far out at sea. Inside the building were 300 rooms. Horse-drawn carts carried fuel up to the ever-burning light. The Pharos was destroyed by an earthquake in the 14th century A.D. Some people believe that on calm days its fragments still can be seen below the waters of the harbor.
In every generation, man creates new marvels that can be added to the list of wonders of the world.
介绍世界奇观英语作文篇5
Mt. Everest
Mt. Everest, which straddles6 the border between China and Nepal, is the world's highest mountain. It measures 29,035 feet. And the mountain is still growing! Geological7 forces push it up a few millimeters each year.
Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa8 Tenzing Norgay first reached the peak's summit in 1953. Since then more than 1,000 people have reached the top—and at least 100 have died trying. Why climb Everest? Briton George Mallory, part of the first expedition to climb the mountain in 1921, famously answered that question: “Because it is there.”
Grand Canyon9
Visitors to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River in Arizona admire its breathtaking10 colors, rock formations and cliffs. No picture can adequately capture its beauty. The canyon is 277 miles long and anywhere from 4 to 18 miles wide, rim11 to rim.
A national park protects the canyon's most spectacular section. Visitors can either hike or ride a mule from the rim to the canyon floor 5,280 feet below. The Colorado River flows through the canyon. The river created several other canyons, but the Grand Canyon is the most beautiful.
Great Barrier Reef12
The Great Barrier Reef extends 1,200 miles along Australia's northeast coast through the Coral Sea. It is the largest coral formation in the world and is visible from space! Actually, it is not one reef but a chain of thousands.
More than 10,000 species live on the Great Barrier Reef. These reef inhabitants include more than 1,500 kinds of fish and 200 kinds of birds. The beauty of the reef also attracts thousands of human visitors each year. They dive or see the reef by glass-bottom boat.
Victoria Falls
Victoria Falls stretch across the Zambezi River between Zimbabwe and Zambia. Locals call the falls “Mosioa Tunya,” or “The Smoke that Thunders.” The roar of the water can be heard long before the mist from the falls comes into view. During peak flood season, the falls form the largest curtain of falling water in the world. The mile-wide falls plunge 330 feet over a cliff into a narrow gorge13. From February to May, nearly 120 million gallons of water a minute make the plunge into the gorge.
Amazon Rain Forest
The Amazon Rain Forest covers more than a billion acres of northern South America. If this rain forest were a country, it would be the ninth largest in the world!
Some scientists call the area the “lungs of our planet.” The area produces more than 20 percent of the world's oxygen. Millions of animal and plant species live in the Amazon, including one third of the world's bird species!
A visit to the Amazon, or any of these natural wonders, is an experience you will treasure for a lifetime.
介绍世界奇观英语作文篇6
built 4,000 years ago, the three great pyramids at giza, in the egyptian desert remain the most colossal1 buildings ever constructed.
the pyramids were built by egyptians under the orders of the egyptian leader, whose title was pharaoh2. there was a sequence of pharaohs culminating3 around 2615 b.c., with the pharaoh cheops who built the biggest thing ever built, the great pyramid, also known as khufu. cheops built a pyramid 770 feet on one side and 481 feet tall. how ancient builders managed to build these massive structures has never been fully answered but the effort clearly required brains and brawn4.
was there engineering genius involved? yes, there was. for example, when you're putting the b lock right at the top, how are you going to lug5 a block of stone that weighs several tons 480 fee t up a structure? how are you going to do it, and how are you going to do it without leaving scratches6 on all the rest of the structure? and how many people does it take to drag a block weighing several tons 480 feet up into the sky? approximately, 2.3 million blocks of stone were cut, transported and assembled to create the great pyramid.
the pharaohs may have set out to build magnificent tombs for themselves, but in the end they created monuments to human potential. there's a universal message in the pyramids. the pyramids be long to egypt, but the pyramids also belong to the world. that's why we can all identify the pyramids as an early monument of human greatness.
for being a man made wonder that has survived the sands of time1, the pyramids rise to the n umber two spot.
矗立在埃及沙漠中吉萨的'三座大金字塔建于4000年前，它们一直都是有史以来最宏大的建筑。
金字塔是埃及人在他们的领袖--名为法老--的命令下建造的。在公元前2615年左右，几任法老相继统治埃及，基奥普斯法老建造了有史以来最大的金字塔--大金字塔，也被称为胡夫金字塔。胡夫金字塔每边长770英尺，高481英尺。古代的建筑者是如何建造这些庞然大物的，这一直是个未解之谜，但很明显它需要付出大量的脑力和体力。
