高考英语语法查漏---情态动词和虚拟语气，题型全覆盖！
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【 #英语资源# 导语】情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气。和 一起看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？
1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。
2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。
3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。
4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。
5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。
6．__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。
7．We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。
8．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。
9．—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨……。
10．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：
1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。
3．修饰was drunk用副词。
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。
6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
单句改错
1．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can 句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。
2．We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。
3．It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can 句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。
4．But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。
5．He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.
答案与解析：去掉had or前的句子不是虚拟条件句。
1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。
2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。
3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。
4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。
5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。
6．__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。
7．We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。
8．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。
9．—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨……。
10．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：
1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。
3．修饰was drunk用副词。
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。
6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
单句改错
1．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can 句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。
2．We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。
3．It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can 句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。
4．But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。
5．He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.
答案与解析：去掉had or前的句子不是虚拟条件句。
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