Question

英语里有几种时态，各是什么

Answer 1

英语中的时态（tense）一共四种，分别是：

• 现在时（present tense）；

• 过去时（past tense）；

• 将来时（future tense）；

• 过去将来时（future-in-the past tense）。

但是国内中小学英语课程中所说的“时态”一般是时态和体貌（aspect）的结合。英语中的体貌一共有四种，分别是：

• 一般式（simple aspect）；

• 进行式（progressive aspect或continuous aspect）；

• 完成式（perfect aspect）；

• 完成进行式（perfect progressive aspect）。

因此国内英语教学中所说的“时态”有16种，即4种时态和4种体貌两两结合。分别如下：

• 一般过去时（simple past）；

• 过去进行时（past progressive）；

• 过去完成时（past perfect）；

• 过去完成进行时（past perfect progressive）；

• 一般现在时（simple present）；

• 现在进行时（present progressive）；

• 现在完成时（present perfect）；

• 现在完成进行时（present perfect progressive）；

• 一般将来时（simple future）；

• 将来进行时（future progressive）；

• 将来完成时（future perfect）；

• 将来完成进行时（future perfect progressive）；

• 一般过去将来时（simple future-in-the-past）；
  

• 过去将来进行时（future-in-the-past progressive）；

• 过去将来完成时（future-in-the-past perfect）；

• 过去将来完成进行时（future-in-the-past perfect progressive）。

Answer 2

参照上表，由第1列至第4列（竖着看）对应的16种时态分别是：

1.     一般现在时，例句： We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。

2.     现在进行时，例句：I am playing computer games now.我正在打电脑游戏。

3.     现在完成时，例句：She has been to New York twice. 她已经去过纽约两次。

4.     现在完成进行时，例句：He has been teaching math for 10 years.他已经教数学10年了。

5.     一般过去时，例句：I bought 2 comic books yesterday.昨天我买了2本漫画书。

6.     过去进行时，例句：We were playing basketball at 6 p.m. yesterday. 昨天下午6点我们正在打篮球。

7.     过去完成时，例句：The train had already left by the time I got to the station.在我到达车站前，火车就已经离开了。

8.     过去完成进行时，例句：At last he got the offer from the university he had been expecting.他终于收到了期盼已久的大学录取通知书。

9.     一般将来时，例句：I will go to Kunming tomorrow.我明天将会去昆明。

10.  将来进行时，例句：I will be doing my homework this time tomorrow.

明天的这个时候我正在做作业。

11.  将来完成时，例句：By this time next year, I will have graduated from the university. 到明年这个时候，我已经从大学毕业了。

12.  将来完成进行时，例句：By the time the sun rises, I shall have been sleeping for nine hours.太阳升起来之前，我已经睡了9个小时了。

13.  过去将来时，例句：I knew that she would be late.我知道她会迟到。

14.  过去将来进行时，例句：They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。

15.  过去将来完成时（较少使用），例句：He said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the weekend. 他说将在周末前还我钱。

16.  过去将来完成进行时（很少使用）【表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。】，例句：He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. 他说到了春季学期末，他就学了三年英语了。

Answer 3

1.一般现在时：
I always swim in the afternoon.It is usually sunny.
He always swims in the afternoon.He feels very relaxed.
2.现在将来时：
I will swim tomorrow afternoon.I am not going to have any classes.
He will swim tomorrow afternoon.He is going to have a swimming test.
3.现在进行时：
I am swimming in the gym with my classmates now.I want to improve my swimming skill.
4.现在完成时：
I have already swum for nearly an hour. I enjoyed myself very much.
5.一般过去时：
I swam yesterday afternoon.I didn't do my homework.
6.过去将来时：
I told you just now that I would swim in the gym.You may find me there.
7.过去进行时：
She asked me if I was swimming in the lake.I said "yes".
8.过去完成时：
I had already swum for half an hour when he came to the swimming pool.Then he joined us.
9.现在将来进行时：
I will be swimming with my classmates tomorrow afternoon.I can't go to see my grandparents.
10.现在完成进行时：
I have been swimming here for thirty minutes.

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