Question

帮忙理一下语法关系（特别是答案时态语态问题），并请翻译一下1

1、She answered the door ____a magazine she _____.
答案是：carrying/had been reading. 为什么？
2、The sale usually takes place outside the house,with the audience _____on benches,chairs or boxes.
答案是：seated.为什么？
3、There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently _____what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.
答案是：giving.为什么？
4、How many of us _____say,a meeting that is irrelevant to us would be interested in the discussion?
答案是：attending.为什么？
5、Relative humidity is the amount of warter vapor the air contains at a certain temperature ______with the amount it could hold at ghat temperature.
答案是：compared.为什么？
以上问题请逐个翻译一下，谢谢

Answer 1

你所提供的五个题目都属于非谓语动词的结构：
1 carrying 现在分词作伴随状语, she had been reading是省略that/which的定语从句修饰magazine，因表示她去开门之前一直在读的,故用过去完成进行时。句意：她拿着她一直在阅读的一本杂志开了门。
2 with +宾语+宾补结构，seat 的用法是 seat sb，即作宾补动词seat和宾语sb为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式seated来作宾补。
3 giving为现在分词作定语修饰remark。
4 attending为现在分词作定语修饰us。
5 compared with “和...相比”在句中作状语
希望这些能让你有所理解。

Answer 2

1 carrying 现在分词表伴随,主动的, 后者是她之前一直在做的,用过去完成进行时
2 seat 的用法是 be seated.用作被动形式
3 give逻辑主语是an Englishman,主动用现在分词,宾补
4 不懂
5 和...相比 compared with