whom的定语从句
who/whom引导的定语从句的用法
who、 whom可以引导定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词,在从句中分别充当主语和宾语(在非正式场合下,除非紧跟于介词之后,who经常可以代替在定语从句中作宾语的whom).例如:
1.The visitor who came yesterday is Tom.昨天来访的那个人是汤姆.(who引导修饰visitor的限定性定语从句,并且在该从句中充当主语)
2.His friends,who had tried to dissuade him from smoking,did not succeed.他的那些已经尽力劝阻他抽烟的朋友们并没有成功.(who引导修饰friends的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当主语)
3.First came Mary,whom few of us had expected.首先来的是我们当中几乎没有人料到的玛丽.(whom引导修饰Mary的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当宾语,这里的whom可以被who所代替)
4.He is John to whom you ought to address the request.他是约翰,你应该向他提出此项请求.(whom引导修饰John的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当介词to的宾语,这里紧跟于介词to之后的whom不可以被who代替)
注意:that引导限定性定语从句修饰表示人的先行词时,通常可以与who换用.不紧跟在介词后的whom和that通常可以换用(紧跟在介词后的whom不可以被that代替).例如:The scientist who/that discovers a cure for cancer will be great.发现治愈癌症的方法的科学家将会因此而伟大.// Jim is the man with whom she talked.跟她说过话的那个人是吉姆.
相关习题:
〔考题1〕 Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t.(2006北京)
A.who; 不填 B.不填; who C.who; who D.不填; 不填
〔答案〕 C
〔解析〕 两个下划线处分别引导定语从句修饰表示人的women、 those,并且在定语从句内部充当主语,均应采用who的形式.
〔考题2〕 The famous basketball star,____ tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention.(2002北京春)
A.where B.when C.which D.who
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 Who引导非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词star.
〔考题3〕 He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years.(2002上海春)
A.is B.are C.have been D.has been
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 被who所引导的限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词是表达单数含义的“the only one”(of the students是the only one的后置定语),题干中的“for three years”意味着应采用现在完成时表示已经赢得奖学金的'情况,因此本题只能选D.
〔考题4〕 In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.(1992)
A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 “turn to sb.(for sth.)”是表示“(就某事或某物)求助于某人”的固定搭配.介词to必不可少,可以紧跟介词to后引导定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词person的关系代词只能是whom,所以下划线处应是“to whom”的形式.
〔考题5〕 I have many friends,____ some are businessmen.(2005)
A.of them B.from which C.who of D.of whom
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 表示“在其中,……之中的一部分”的含义,应用介词of (from没有类似用法),例如:several of my friends (我的几个朋友)、 one of them(他们中间的一个).修饰先行词friends、 能够紧跟介词of表示“朋友中的一些(是生意人)”的关系代词只有whom,所以本题只能选D.注意:本题不选A是因为该形式不能引导定语从句,填入下划线处会导致整个句子包含两个单独的、 缺乏连词连接的简单句(通常情况下这属于病句); 不选B是因为which通常不能引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词; 不选C是因为of放于who之后与some连用导致整个句子的意思难以理解.
〔考题6〕 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school,most ____ were from Germany.(2006辽宁)
A.study; of whom B.study; of them
C.studying; of them D.studying; of whom
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 第一个下划线处引导修饰students的定语,不能采用动词原形而应用现在分词的形式,据此直接排除选项A、 B; 第二个下划线处引导修饰students的定语从句,用来补充说明students的情况,由于them不能引导定语从句,应直接排除C而选出D.
〔考题7〕 We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,____ we gave some bells and glasses.(2006湖南)
A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which
〔答案〕 B
〔解析〕 根据“give sth.to sb.”的搭配,下划线处应以to whom的形式引导定语从句.Which不能引导定语从句修饰人,所以A、 D应首先排除.