Question

would like和want的用法

Answer 1

A 在下列情况下,这两个词可以互换使用：
1 用于请求或有关请求的问句中（但这里不使用 would not like,参见下面B1）：
Customer：I’d like some raspberries,please．/I want some raspberries,please．
顾客：请给我拿点儿木莓.
Greengrocer：I’m afraid I haven’t any．Would you like somestrawberries?
蔬菜水果商：对不起,我没有木莓了.您来点草莓怎么样?
Customer：No,I don’t want any strawberries,thanks．
顾客：不,我不想要草莓.（这里不能用 wouldn’t like.）
I would like常常要比 I want更有礼貌.
would you like?要比do you want?更有礼貌,也更殷勤.
would you like?可以含有愿意满足别人的希望的意思.do youwant?则不含有这种意思.因此,与顾客或客人打交道时,通常用 would you like?：
Caller：I’d like to/I want to speak to Mr X,please．
打电话者：我想找X先生说话.
Telephonist：Mr X is out．Would you like to speak to Mr
话务员：X先生出去了.您跟Y先生说行吗?
2 如果不是提出请求而只是谈到愿望时,可以随意用would like或want的肯定式、疑问式或否定式.它们的意思没有区别,然而,I want要比I would like显得更自信.I want通常不用于表示不可实现的愿望：
I would like to live on Mars．
但愿我能住到火星上去.
B would like和want在下列用法中不能互换：
1 表示邀请时用 would you like?结构,而不能用do you want?结构：
Would you like a cup of coffee?
您想喝一杯咖啡吗?
Would you like to come to the theatre?
您想来剧院看戏吗?
do you want?用于此处只表示一种询问,不含有邀请的意思.
2 wouldn’t like和 don’t want是有区别的.
don’t want表示没有某种愿望；wouldn’t like表示不喜欢.因此,wouldn’t like不能用来回答邀请或提议,因为在这种回答中 wouldn’t like的口气将是不礼貌的.在这里常用 don’twant或其他形式来代替 wouldn’t like：
—Would you like some more coffee?
—No,I don’t want any more,thanks．/No,thanks．
—您再来点儿咖啡吗?
—不,不要了,
C 在过去时中这两种形式的变化不同.在间接引语中want变为 wanted,而would like不起变化：
Tom said,‘I would like/want to see it．’
汤姆说：“我想看看它”.相当于：
Tom said he would like/wanted to see it．
汤姆说他想看看它.
但如果不用间接引语的结构来表示,只能说：Tom wanted tosee it（这里我们不能用would like因为Tom would like to seeit的意思是指现在或将来）.
D would like有两个过去形式：would like+ 不定式的完成时或would like+ 不定式/名词/代词.这些形式只能表示未能实现的愿望：
I’d like to have gone skiing．/I’d have liked a day’s skiing．
我本想去滑雪的.（但我未能实现我的愿望.）