Question

新概念英语第二册逐句精讲语言点第28课(1)

Answer 1

28课 What is Jasper White's problem?

Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. he has just bought a new housein the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate.Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. Itis one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he toldme that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. Butnone of them has been turned to stone yet!

语法归纳：

定语从句一句话总结：在句中起定语作用，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句。定语从句中被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引出。关系代词在定语从句中多充当主语、定语、宾语等成分；关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语。

关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that

who主格，先行词是人，在从句中一般作主语；

whom宾语，先行词是人，在从句中一般作宾语；

whose属格，用来指人或物，在从句中作定语；

which,先行词是事物，在从句中可作主语、宾语；

that可指人和物，在从句中可作主语、宾讲。

关系副词：when, where, why

when 指时间，先行词常用day, time, moment, occasion, week, month等；

where 指地点，先行词常用place, room, spot, city, country等；

why指原因，先行词常用reason。

例：She is one of the students who is going to take the examination.她是马上就要参加考试的学生之一。

I know the boy whose girlfriend is very nice.我认识那个有漂亮女朋友的男孩。

A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.用铅笔写的信读起来很费劲。

The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames.这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。

He still remembers the day when he went to school.他依然记得他上学的那一天。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句。限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，如果去掉句子剩下的部分就会失去意义，句子不能成立或意思表达不淸楚。非限制定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词进一步的说明，去掉之后句子其他部分的意思仍然完整。

1) The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames.这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。(如果去掉“which flows through London”，句子仍完整。）

2) This book was left by John, who was here an hour ago.这本书是约翰留下的，他一小时前来过。(如果去掉“who was here an hour ago”，句子仍完整。）

精讲笔记：

1.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.

贾斯珀•怀特是为数不多的信奉古代神话的人之一。

语言点1 “one of +复数名词”的用法：

1)当“one of +复数名词”在句子中充当主语时，实际主语是one，紧跟其后的谓语动词一定用单数形式。

One of my students is a lawyer.我的一个学生是律师。

2)当“one of +复数名词”后加定语从句时，因为定语从句的关系代词所修饰的先行词不是one，而是of后面的复数名词，所以从句的谓语动词一定用复数形式。

Our organization is just one of many charities that are providing famine relief in the region.我们的组织仅仅是为这个饥荒地区提供救济的慈善组织之一。

3)要注意，当one前有the，thevery，the only等修饰限制时，从句中的谓语动词一定要用单数。

She is the only one of the students who has already learnt Spanish.她是这些学生中一个曾学过西班牙语的人。

语言点2 believe in sth. / sb.信奉、相信某物/某人：

believe in Christ信奉基督教

believe in God 信仰上帝

believe in ghosts 相信鬼神

believe in Buddhism 信奉佛教

2.He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.

他刚在城里买了一所新房子，但自从他搬进去后，就和汽车及车主们发生了摩擦。 语言点1 just常用于现在完成时态中，请参考Lesson5。

语言点2 in the city = in the downtown在市中心，在城里

相关表达：in the suburb在郊区；in the border land在边疆

I live in the suburb of Beijing and work in the city.我住在北京郎区，而在城里工作， 语言点3 have troublewith sth. / sb.和某物/某人有摩擦

Mr. Green always has trouble with his neighbours.格林先生总是和他的邻居们闹纠纷。

语言点4 move in迁入；move out迁出；move over挪动一下，腾出空位

3.when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside hisgate.

当他夜里回到家时，总会发现有人把车停在了他家的大门外。

语言点 “动词+ home”中间一般不需加介词：return home返回家中；go home回家；leave home离开家，但stay at home (待在家中)为一个例外。

比较学习：home, house, family, household

home一个居所以及居于其中的家庭或社会单位；

house主要指建筑物和住宅；

family 一般侧重指家庭成员；

household指住在一起的家庭成员及其他非亲属(如仆人)所组成的家庭单位。