Question

如何在android的jni线程中实现回调

Answer 1

JNI回调是指在c/c++代码中调用java函数，当在c/c++的线程中执行回调函数时，会导致回调失败。

其中一种在Android系统的解决方案是：

把c/c++中所有线程的创建，由pthread_create函数替换为由Java层的创建线程的函数AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread。

假设有c++函数:

[cpp] view plaincopy
void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
sleep(1);
}

}

void init()
{
pthread_t thread;
pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
}

init()函数创建一个线程，需要在该线程中调用java类Test的回调函数Receive:

[cpp] view plaincopy
public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback:" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}

首先在c++中定义回调函数指针：

[cpp] view plaincopy
//test.h
#include <pthread.h>
//function type for receiving data from native
typedef void (*ReceiveCallback)(unsigned char *buf, int len);

/** Callback for creating a thread that can call into the Java framework code.
* This must be used to create any threads that report events up to the framework.
*/
typedef pthread_t (* CreateThreadCallback)(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg);

typedef struct{
ReceiveCallback recv_cb;
CreateThreadCallback create_thread_cb;
}Callback;

再修改c++中的init和thread_entry函数：

[cpp] view plaincopy
//test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "test.h"

void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
char *str = "i'm happy now";
Callback cb = NULL;
int len;
if(args != NULL){
cb = (Callback *)args;
}

len = strlen(str);
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
//invoke callback method to java
if(cb != NULL && cb->recv_cb != NULL){
cb->recv_cb((unsigned char*)str, len);
}
sleep(1);
}

}

void init(Callback *cb)
{
pthread_t thread;
//pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
if(cb != NULL && cb->create_thread_cb != NULL)
{
cb->create_thread_cb("thread",thread_entry,(void *)cb);
}
}

然后在jni中实现回调函数，以及其他实现：

[cpp] view plaincopy
//jni_test.c
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <jni.h>
#include <JNIHelp.h>
#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"

#include "test.h"
#define RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME "com/tonny/Test"

using namespace android;

static jobject mCallbacksObj = NULL;
static jmethodID method_receive;

static void checkAndClearExceptionFromCallback(JNIEnv* env, const char* methodName) {
if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
LOGE("An exception was thrown by callback '%s'.", methodName);
LOGE_EX(env);
env->ExceptionClear();
}
}

static void receive_callback(unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
int i;
JNIEnv* env = AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv();
jcharArray array = env->NewCharArray(len);
jchar *pArray ;

if(array == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: NewCharArray error.");
return;
}

pArray = (jchar*)calloc(len, sizeof(jchar));
if(pArray == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: calloc error.");
return;
}

//copy buffer to jchar array
for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
*(pArray + i) = *(buf + i);
}
//copy buffer to jcharArray
env->SetCharArrayRegion(array,0,len,pArray);
//invoke java callback method
env->CallVoidMethod(mCallbacksObj, method_receive,array,len);
//release resource
env->DeleteLocalRef(array);
free(pArray);
pArray = NULL;

checkAndClearExceptionFromCallback(env, __FUNCTION__);
}

static pthread_t create_thread_callback(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
{
return (pthread_t)AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(name, start, arg);
}

static Callback mCallbacks = {
receive_callback,
create_thread_callback
};

static void jni_class_init_native
(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz)
{
method_receive = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "Receive", "([CI)V");
}

static int jni_init
(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
{

if (!mCallbacksObj)
mCallbacksObj = env->NewGlobalRef(obj);

return init(&mCallbacks);
}

static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
{ "class_init_native", "()V", (void *)jni_class_init_native },
{ "native_init", "()I", (void *)jni_init },
};

static int registerMethods(JNIEnv* env) {

const char* const kClassName = RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME;
jclass clazz;
/* look up the class */
clazz = env->FindClass(kClassName);
if (clazz == NULL) {
LOGE("Can't find class %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* register all the methods */
if (env->RegisterNatives(clazz,gMethods,sizeof(gMethods)/sizeof(gMethods[0])) != JNI_OK)
{
LOGE("Failed registering methods for %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* fill out the rest of the ID cache */
return 0;
}

jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved) {
JNIEnv* env = NULL;
jint result = -1;
LOGI("Radio JNI_OnLoad");
if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
LOGE("ERROR: GetEnv failed/n");
goto fail;
}

if(env == NULL){
goto fail;
}
if (registerMethods(env) != 0) {
LOGE("ERROR: PlatformLibrary native registration failed/n");
goto fail;
}
/* success -- return valid version number */
result = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
fail:
return result;
}

jni的Android.mk文件中共享库设置为：

[cpp] view plaincopy
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libcutils libandroid_runtime libnativehelper

最后再实现Java中的Test类：

[java] view plaincopy
//com.tonny.Test.java

public class Test {

static{
try {
System.loadLibrary("test");
class_init_native();

} catch(UnsatisfiedLinkError ule){
System.err.println("WARNING: Could not load library libtest.so!");
}

}

public int initialize() {
return native_radio_init();
}

public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}

protected static native void class_init_native();

protected native int native_init();

}