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Birdsthatareliterallyhalf-asleep-withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping-contr...
Birds that are literally half-asleep-with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping-control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.
Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.
Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers, Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.
Also,birds dozing（打盹）at the end of the line resorted to single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotaing 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots.
"We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain," the researchers say.
The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supposition that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.
Useful as half-sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such watermammals（哺乳动物）as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.
Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UGLA says he wonders if birds' half-brain sleep "is just the tip of theiceberg（冰山）". He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species 展开
Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.
Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers, Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.
Also,birds dozing（打盹）at the end of the line resorted to single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotaing 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots.
"We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain," the researchers say.
The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supposition that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.
Useful as half-sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such watermammals（哺乳动物）as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.
Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UGLA says he wonders if birds' half-brain sleep "is just the tip of theiceberg（冰山）". He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species 展开
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鸟的half-asleep-with大脑半球的警觉和之一,另sleeping-control醒脑的左侧仍然是根据一项新的研究表明,睡眠的鸭子。
先前的研究已经记录half-brain睡在一个广泛的鸟。大脑半球轮流陷入睡眠阶段是以缓慢的脑电波。眼睛睡觉半球控制时,保持清醒的闭眼睛继续办下去,北半球的警觉。鸟类也可以一起睡觉休息两半球。
数十年的研究,研究人员预测鸟群领导在更脆弱额外警觉,end-of-the-row枕木,果然,最后鸟类往往仔细观察在远离他们的伴侣。鸭子在内在点不喜欢凝视的方向。
同样,鸟类打盹瞌睡(在生命的尽头诉诸single-hemisphere睡眠,而不是完全放松,多了。内鸭子Rotaing 16鸟类的位置four-duck排,研究者发现在一些外部鸟类昏昏欲睡的32%打瞌睡的时间与约12%的鸟儿在内部的斑点。
“我们相信这是第一个动物行为的证据,同时在控制睡眠清醒时大脑的不同区域,”研究人员说。
研究结果提供了有力的证据,假设一个长期睡眠进化成为生物single-hemisphere扫描的敌人。睁开眼睛的注意,他可以成为普遍预测。他看到一对鸟在动物园里,肩并肩地打盹睡在一个单一的宠物鸟通过镜子。这个mirror-side眼闭仿佛是一个同伴的反射和其他眼球营业。
half-sleeping可能是有用的,它只是被发现在鸟类等watermammals(哺乳动物)作为海豚、鲸鱼和印章。也许保持清醒的一侧大脑可以睡觉,偶尔去避免表面的动物被淹死。
研究鸟类可能提供独特的见解睡觉。杰罗姆m的UGLA席格说他想鸟类的half-brain睡眠”只是冰山theiceberg()”。他推测更多的例子可以打开,当我们仔细看看其他的物种
先前的研究已经记录half-brain睡在一个广泛的鸟。大脑半球轮流陷入睡眠阶段是以缓慢的脑电波。眼睛睡觉半球控制时,保持清醒的闭眼睛继续办下去,北半球的警觉。鸟类也可以一起睡觉休息两半球。
数十年的研究,研究人员预测鸟群领导在更脆弱额外警觉,end-of-the-row枕木,果然,最后鸟类往往仔细观察在远离他们的伴侣。鸭子在内在点不喜欢凝视的方向。
同样,鸟类打盹瞌睡(在生命的尽头诉诸single-hemisphere睡眠,而不是完全放松,多了。内鸭子Rotaing 16鸟类的位置four-duck排,研究者发现在一些外部鸟类昏昏欲睡的32%打瞌睡的时间与约12%的鸟儿在内部的斑点。
“我们相信这是第一个动物行为的证据,同时在控制睡眠清醒时大脑的不同区域,”研究人员说。
研究结果提供了有力的证据,假设一个长期睡眠进化成为生物single-hemisphere扫描的敌人。睁开眼睛的注意,他可以成为普遍预测。他看到一对鸟在动物园里,肩并肩地打盹睡在一个单一的宠物鸟通过镜子。这个mirror-side眼闭仿佛是一个同伴的反射和其他眼球营业。
half-sleeping可能是有用的,它只是被发现在鸟类等watermammals(哺乳动物)作为海豚、鲸鱼和印章。也许保持清醒的一侧大脑可以睡觉,偶尔去避免表面的动物被淹死。
研究鸟类可能提供独特的见解睡觉。杰罗姆m的UGLA席格说他想鸟类的half-brain睡眠”只是冰山theiceberg()”。他推测更多的例子可以打开,当我们仔细看看其他的物种
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