Question

给点非谓语动词的讲解吧

B级难度啊

Answer 1

英语有有能力考试B级（PRCTO-B）关于非谓语动词考点：
非谓语动词
非谓语动词
三大类：
分词
动名词
动词不定式
I.分词
分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词即v.-ing；可以be连用形成现在进行时态
过去分词即v.-ed；可以have，has连用形成现在完成时；还可以与be连用形成被动语态
含义：
现在分词v.-ing表示正在进行的、主动的
过去分词v.-ed
表示已经完成的、被动的
用法：
（1）作形容词，修饰名词
the
changing
world
the
changed
world
e.g.:
the
rising/risen
sun
the
developing/developed
country
the
man
standing
there
站在那里的人
the
work
finished
yesterday
昨天完成的工作
也可以写成the
man
who
is
standing
there
和the
work
which
was
finished
yesterday
（2）作副词，修饰句子
Seeing
the
tiger,
the
boy
cried.
Seen
from
the
hill,
the
city
is
small.
一般题型：是放在句子开头，然后判断所填动词跟后面主句的主语是主动还是被动关系。主动用现在分词v.-ing；被动用过去分词v.-ed
II.动名词
含义：即doing。当作名词使用；强调一种状态
用法：
（1）接某些动词后面
keep
/
avoid
/
need
/
like
/
enjoy
/
finish
/
mind
+
doing
e.g.:
Would
you
mind
opening
the
window?
（2）充当名词单独使用
Playing
football
is
my
hobby.
My
hobby
is
playing
football.
（3）介词后面用动名词doing
He
left
without
____(say)
goodbye.
I’m
interested
in
_____(read)
books.
III.动词不定式
含义：即to
do。表示为了……；强调一种目的
用法：
（1）接某些动词后面
fail
/
decide
/
want
/
have
/
happen
/
plan
/
manage/
pretend/
promise/
afford
+
to
do
（2）作形容词
I
have
many
things
to
do.
He
have
no
room
to
live
in.
(不及物动词需补全介词)
There
is
nothing
to
worry
about.
We
have
a
child
to
take
care
of.
（3）作副词修饰句子
They
went
to
Shanghai
to
visit
The
World
Expo.
他们去上海参观世博会了。
To
save
the
boy,
he
lost
his
life.
为了救那个男孩，他牺牲了。
这时可在前面加in
order或者so
as表示强调。
即in
order
to
do,
so
as
to
do
（4）作名词
To
eat
is
to
live,
but
to
live
is
not
to
eat.
When
to
start
is
not
known.
作主语时如果不定式过长，可放到后面，前面用形式主语it代替。
e.g.:
To
talk
with
the
superstar
is
not
easy.
=It
is
not
easy
to
talk
with
the
superstar
.
即我们常见的It
is
+
adj.
+
to
do;
注意如果前面有
I
think/make
/find
时，后面的is可省略。如
He
made
it
easy
to
learn
English.
（5）作宾语补足语
ask
tell
expect
期望
teach
sb.(某人)
+
to
do
allow
容许
remind
提醒
encourage
鼓励
invite
如：He
told
us
not
to
close
the
door.
注：1.考试经常考这些结构的被动语态：
be
asked
/
told/
expected
/
taught
/allowed
+
to
do
2.有些动词to
可省略，如：
make
/
have
/
let
sb.
do
让某人做……
help
/
hear
/
see
sb.
do
但这些结构换成被动语态，to就需还原:
如
I
saw
him
get
on
the
bus.
→He
was
seen
to
get
on
the
bus.