Question

Whoever 和Who的区别是什么？

Answer 1

who 和whoever都可以引导主语从句，只能置于句首，不能用形式主语it代替。它们也都有“谁”的含义， 但能否互相替代呢？请观察下列句子并选择正确选项：

(A) ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.

A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. No matter who

(B) ________ will give us a talk is unknown to us all.

A. Whoever B. Who C. Anyone D. No matter who

句(A) 的正确选项为C。whoever 的含义是：the person who... 或anyone who... [无论(不管)是谁]，前者特指，后者泛指。句(A)的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间都应该关灯。又如：

Whoever (Anyone who) breaks the law should be punished. 不管谁违法都应该受到惩罚。

Whoever (The person who) told you it was lying.无论谁告诉你的都是说谎。

句(B)的正确选项为B。who虽然也可以引导主语从句，但它常保留本身疑问的含义，即“谁”。句(B)的意思为：对我们大家来说，谁给我们讲话还不知道。又如：

Who will go with us has not yet been decided. 谁和我们一起去还没决定。

Who will be sent abroad is unknown.还不知道谁将被派往国外。

Answer 2

1. “疑问代词 + ever ”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句）。

（ 1 ）引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / which ”。例如：

Whatever happened， he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened， he wouldn't say a word.

Whoever says so， it is wrong. = No matter who says so， it is wrong.

Whichever dictionary you （may） take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. = No matter which dictionary you （may） take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.

注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might .

（ 2 ）引导名词性从句。例如：

Whoever smokes here will be punished. （主语从句）

Beggars will eat whatever they are given. （宾语从句）

Whichever he likes will be given to him. （主语从句）

You may invite whoever / whomever you like. （常用 whoever 代替 whomever ）

此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that.

2. “疑问副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句，即让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如：

Wherever he goes （may go） . I'll follow him. = No matter where he goes （may go）， I'll follow him.

Whenever I wisited him， he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working.

However late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. = No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

注意：当 however 用作连接副词时也可引导名词性从句，而 whenever/ wherever 则不能引导名词性从句。例如：

I'll give you however much money you need. （宾语从句，此时 however 不能改成 no matter how ）。

3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 与 whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于 what / which / who 与 when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如：

What（ever） are you doing ？ 你（到底）在干什么？

Which（ever） do you want to buy ？ 你（究竟）要买哪一个？

Who（ever） told you such a foolish story？ （究竟）是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？

When（ever） can I enjoy a long vacation？ （究竟）什么时候才能给我放个长假呢？

Where（ever） did you leave your dictionary？ 你（究竟）把词典放哪儿了？

How（ever） did you collect so much money？ 你（到底）是怎样筹到这么多钱的？

Answer 3

who 和whoever都可以引导主语从句，只能置于句首，不能用形式主语it代替。它们也都有“谁”的含义， 但能否互相替代呢？请观察下列句子并选择正确选项：