牛津字典都有。
判断一个词是不是形容词,可以从其结构特点和句法特点两方面来确定。
(1)结构特点
以-able,-al,-ful, -ic,-ish,-less,-ous,-y等后缀结尾的词,一般是形容词,如:changeable(多变的),medical(医学上的),careful(仔细的),atomic(原子的),foolish(愚蠢的),careless(粗心的),delicious(美味的),healthy(健康的),rainy(多雨的)等。
(2)句法特点
大多数形容词都可以作定语;在be,look,seem等词之后作表语;可用very来修饰,有比较级和最高级形式。其中,在句中作定语或作表语是形容词最主要的特点。如:
Mary is very nice.玛丽很可爱。(表语) Mary is a nice girl.玛丽是个可爱的女孩。(定语)
He was asleep.他睡着了。(表语) She is a perfect teacher.她是位十全十美的老师。(定语)
形容词的用法
1.用作定语
Li Mei is a beautiful city girl. The new student comes from Japan.
2.用作表语
My father's car is very expensive. The English story is very interesting.
常见的后跟形容词作表语的动词:
①become, come, fall, get, go, grow, make, turn(表示"变成某种状态")
②continue, hold, keep, lie, remain, stay(表示"保持某种状态")
③appear, feel, look, smell, sound, taste, know(表示"感觉")
例如:
He turned red when he heard the news.
It's going to stay cold for some time. The beer tastes very delicious.
3.用作宾语补足语
Don't keep the door open. His success made him happy.
4."the+形容词",表示一类人或事物,相当于名词,用作主语及宾语
The old often think of old things. The new always take the place of the old.
5.有时也可用作状语或补语
Please speak loud and clear. These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather, cold and hungry.
6.少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语
这些形容词包括 ill,asleep,awake,alone,alive,well,worth,glad,unable,afraid等.例如:
(正)Don't be afraid. (误) Mr Li is an afraid man.
(正)The old man was ill yesterday. (误)This is an ill person.
(正)This place is worth visiting. (误)That is a worth book.
7.少数形容词只能作定语,不能作表语
这些形容词包括 little, live(活着的),elder, eldest 等。例如:
(正)My elder brother is a doctor. (误)My brother is elder than I.
(正)This is a little house. (误)The house is little.
(正)Do you want live fish or dead one (误)The old monkey is still live.
9 happy快乐的['hæpi] right对的[rait] hungry饥饿的['hʌŋɡri] cute逗人喜爱的[kju:t] little小的['litl] lovely可爱的['lʌvli] beautiful漂亮的['bju:tiful] colourful色彩鲜艳的['kʌləful] pretty漂亮的['priti] cheap便宜的[tʃi:p] expensive昂贵的[ik'spensiv] juicy多汁的['dʒu:si] tender嫩的['tendə] healthy健康的['helθi] ill有病的[il] helpful有帮助的['helpful] high高的[hai] easy简单的['i:zi] proud骄傲的[praud] sick有病的[sik] better更好的[betə] higher更高的[haiə]
