Question

总体X~N(μ,σ^2),有样本X1,X2,…Xn,设Y=0.5(Xn-X1),则Y~_____.

Answer 1

X~N(0,σ^2)E(X1+X2)=EX1+EX2=0D(X1+X2)=DX1+DX2=2σ^2X1+X2~N(0,2σ^2)同理：X1-X2~N(0,2σ^2)所以1/√2σ(X1+X2)~N(0,1)1/√2σ(X1-X2)~N(0,1)所以1/2σ^2(X1+X2)^2~X^2(1)X^2(n)代表自由度为n的卡方分布同理1/2σ^2(X1-X2)^2~X^2(1)令A=1/2σ^2(X1+X2)^2B=1/2σ^2(X1-X2)^2所以(X1+X2)^2/(X1-X2)^2=1/2σ^2(X1+X2)^2/1/2σ^2(X1-X2)^2=A/B=(A/1)/(B/1)而这就是F(1,1)分布的定义所以(X1+X2)^2/(X1-X2)^2~F(1,1)