定语从句的关系代词有哪些
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关系代词
which:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;先行词指事物
that:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;先行词指人或事物
who:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;先行词指人
whom:引导从句,在从句中作宾语;先行词指人
whose:引导从句,在从句中作定语,先行词指人
as:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;通常用于such…as…结构
He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算话的人.(先行词指人,关系
代词who/that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语)
Is there anyone in your department whose father is a teacher?你们系有个父亲是老
师的人吗?(先行词之人,关系代词whose引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作定语)
To be frank,I don’t like the movie which/that you recommend to me yesterday.
说实话,你昨天推见给我的那部影片我不喜欢.(先行词指物,关系代词which/that引导
定语从句,并在从句中作宾语)
一 定语从句中关系代词的使用
⒈ 如果修饰人,一般用关系代词who, whom, whose 或that。在定语从句中作主语的一般用who或that, 作宾语的一般用whom, who或that, 作定语并具有物主性质的用whose。(在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可省略)
如:
①I don’t like people who/that get angry easily.
我不喜欢容易发脾气的人。
( 关系代词who/ that在定语从句中作主语,不可省略)
②Here is the man (whom/ who/ that) you want to see.
这就是你想见的人。
( 关系代词whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)
③Is there anyone in your class whose home is in the northeast?
你班上有谁家在东北的?
( 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语,不能省略)
注意:用who 还是whom ,完全根据它们本身在定语从句中的地位和作用而定,与先行词在主句中的作用无关。尤其要注意在带有插入语的定语从句中who和whom的选用。
如:
①The person who sent the letter had to pay the postage.
寄信人要付邮资。
( who sent the letter是定语从句,修饰person, who在定语从句中作主语,因此用主格)
②He is a man who I believe is honest.
他是一个我认为诚实的人。
( I believe是插入语,去掉该插入语剩下的便是He is a man who is honest,在语法及句意上都能成立,who是定语从句中动词is的主语,故用主格,不用宾格whom.)
⒉ 如果修饰事物,用关系代词which 和that,作宾语时可省略。作介词宾语时,如果介词位于关系代词之前,则用which (不能省) ,而不用that(关系代词that既能代人,又能代物)。whose也可用来指物(此时可用of which来代替),在定语从句中作定语。
如:
①Don’t buy tomatoes that/ which are green.
不要买颜色还是青的西红柿。
( that/ which 在定语从句中作主语,不能省)
②The fish (that/ which) they sell are not fresh.
他们卖的鱼不新鲜。
( that/ which 在定语从句中作宾语,可以省)
③The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
门坏了的那个教室将很快修理。
④The tool with which he is working is called a saw.
=The tool (that/ which) he is working is called a saw.
他干活用的那个工具叫叫锯。
(介词with位于关系代词之前,须用which,不能省,也不能用that)
which:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;先行词指事物
that:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;先行词指人或事物
who:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;先行词指人
whom:引导从句,在从句中作宾语;先行词指人
whose:引导从句,在从句中作定语,先行词指人
as:引导从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;通常用于such…as…结构
He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算话的人.(先行词指人,关系
代词who/that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语)
Is there anyone in your department whose father is a teacher?你们系有个父亲是老
师的人吗?(先行词之人,关系代词whose引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作定语)
To be frank,I don’t like the movie which/that you recommend to me yesterday.
说实话,你昨天推见给我的那部影片我不喜欢.(先行词指物,关系代词which/that引导
定语从句,并在从句中作宾语)
一 定语从句中关系代词的使用
⒈ 如果修饰人,一般用关系代词who, whom, whose 或that。在定语从句中作主语的一般用who或that, 作宾语的一般用whom, who或that, 作定语并具有物主性质的用whose。(在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可省略)
如:
①I don’t like people who/that get angry easily.
我不喜欢容易发脾气的人。
( 关系代词who/ that在定语从句中作主语,不可省略)
②Here is the man (whom/ who/ that) you want to see.
这就是你想见的人。
( 关系代词whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)
③Is there anyone in your class whose home is in the northeast?
你班上有谁家在东北的?
( 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语,不能省略)
注意:用who 还是whom ,完全根据它们本身在定语从句中的地位和作用而定,与先行词在主句中的作用无关。尤其要注意在带有插入语的定语从句中who和whom的选用。
如:
①The person who sent the letter had to pay the postage.
寄信人要付邮资。
( who sent the letter是定语从句,修饰person, who在定语从句中作主语,因此用主格)
②He is a man who I believe is honest.
他是一个我认为诚实的人。
( I believe是插入语,去掉该插入语剩下的便是He is a man who is honest,在语法及句意上都能成立,who是定语从句中动词is的主语,故用主格,不用宾格whom.)
⒉ 如果修饰事物,用关系代词which 和that,作宾语时可省略。作介词宾语时,如果介词位于关系代词之前,则用which (不能省) ,而不用that(关系代词that既能代人,又能代物)。whose也可用来指物(此时可用of which来代替),在定语从句中作定语。
如:
①Don’t buy tomatoes that/ which are green.
不要买颜色还是青的西红柿。
( that/ which 在定语从句中作主语,不能省)
②The fish (that/ which) they sell are not fresh.
他们卖的鱼不新鲜。
( that/ which 在定语从句中作宾语,可以省)
③The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
门坏了的那个教室将很快修理。
④The tool with which he is working is called a saw.
=The tool (that/ which) he is working is called a saw.
他干活用的那个工具叫叫锯。
(介词with位于关系代词之前,须用which,不能省,也不能用that)
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定语从句的关系代词有that。which 。这是主要的,然后再有就是。Why, when where,没有what
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关系代词有that,which,who,whom,as
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定于从句的关系代词有that which who whom where when 等等
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is are be the there
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