Question

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APPLICATION OF MONITORING SEISMIC RESPONSE TO SPECIAL CASES OF EMBANKMENT DAMS

The approach to instrumenting embankment dams is generally the same for all the different subtypes of embankment dams.

11.4 ACCEPTABLE RANGES OF READINGS

Previous sections of this chapter focused on the following:
• How the properties and geometry of embankment dams affect their performance.
• How instrumentation and measurement programs are developed to monitor their performance.
• Types and locations of instrumentation and measurement for various performance aspects of embankment dams.

This section provides some general guidance with respect to acceptable or unacceptable ranges of readings for the various performance aspects of

embankment dams and some discussion of threshold limits for the behaviors being monitored.
During the design of an embankment dam, the design engineer(s) predicts various behaviors of the completed dam based on the properties of the proposed dam materials, the geometry of the proposed dam, as well as the in-situ properties of the foundation materials. These behaviors include settlement, stability of slopes, stress conditions, and seepage quantities. Instrumentation and measurement programs are developed to measure these behaviors over time, review the magnitude and rates of movement recorded, quantity of seepage, etc., and determine if the data indicates whether the dam is performing as predicted during the design phase.
It is obvious that acceptable ranges of readings for the various behaviors are highly dependent on a variety of factors, including the size (height) of the embankment dam, it's material constituents and properties, hazard classification with respect to downstream inhabitants, and the nature of the impoundment behind the dam. For example, a foot of settlement of the crest of a small 15-foot high embankment dam during the first year of operation would be cause for considerable concern while the same amount of settlement of a 450 foot high earth and rockfill dam may be entirely within predicted values. As a general rule of thumb, post-construction settlement of an embankment dam should not exceed 1% of the height of the dam.

Answer 1

地震响应的应用程序监控土石坝的特殊情况

instrumenting土石坝的方法通常是相同的,所有的不同类型的土石坝。

范畴的阅读材料。11.4

本章早先区段集中体现在以下:
8226;及性能的影响,对土石坝几何学。
8226;及仪表和测量程序开发来监督他们的表现。
8226;类型和测量仪器和地点,对各种性能方面的土石坝。

这部分提供了一些一般性的指导与接受或不可接受的范围内的读数为各种性能方面的

土石坝和一些讨论的门槛限制的行为被监测。
铁路路基的设计过程中,设计工程师大坝(s)预测各种行为的基础上完成了大坝的性质,提出了大坝材料几何形状的提议水坝,以及现场性能的基础材料。这些行为包括结算、稳定边坡应力条件下,和渗透,数量。仪器和测试程序进行了测量,随着时间的推移,这些行为的严重性,回顾的运动的记录,数量的渗流等,并确定了数据表明是否履行作为预测三峡大坝在设计阶段。
很明显,可接受的范围内的读数为各种表现的高度依赖多种因素,包括尺寸(高度),它的物质路堤大坝的组成和性质,危害分类与下游居民,大自然的蓄水后大坝。例如,一脚的结算的一个小英尺高路堤大坝运行在一年内会造成相当大的关注而等量的清算450呎高堆石坝地球,可内完全预测值。一般说来,路基工后沉降的水坝不应超过1%的高度的水坝。