Question

C++ 中如何使用API函数 生成一个窗体？

Answer 1

1. 生产窗体可以使用CreateWindowEx函数。

   函数功能：该函数创建一个具有扩展风格的层叠式窗口、弹出式窗口或子窗口，其他与CreateWindow函数相同。
   函数原型：
   CreateWindowEx函数创建一个层叠的，自动弹出的（pop－up）或是一个子窗口通过扩展格式。另外这个函数的作用与CreateWindow函数的作用相同。要获得更多的关于创建窗口的信息和关于CreateWindowEx函数参数的详细描述。参见CreateWindow
   
   HWND CreateWindowEx(
   DWOR DdwExStyle,        //窗口的扩展风格
   LPCTSTR lpClassName,    //指向注册类名的指针
   LPCTSTR lpWindowName,   //指向窗口名称的指针
   DWORD dwStyle,          //窗口风格
   int x,                  //窗口的水平位置
   int y,                  //窗口的垂直位置
   int nWidth,             //窗口的宽度
   int nHeight,            //窗口的高度
   HWND hWndParent,        //父窗口的句柄
   HMENU hMenu,            //菜单的句柄或是子窗口的标识符
   HINSTANCE hInstance,    //应用程序实例的句柄
   LPVOID lpParam          //指向窗口的创建数据
   );

   
   

2. 例程：

   include<windows.h>
   #include<stdio.h>
   LRESULT CALLBACK WinDouProc(
       HWND hwnd,      // handle to window
       UINT uMsg,      // message identifier
       WPARAM wParam,  // first message parameter
       LPARAM lParam   // second message parameter
   );
   class CWnd
   {
   public:
        CWnd()
        {
             m_hWnd = NULL;
        }
        BOOL CreateEx(
             DWORD dwExStyle,      // extended window style
             LPCTSTR lpClassName,  // pointer to registered class name
             LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // pointer to window name
             DWORD dwStyle,        // window style
             int x,                // horizontal position of window
             int y,                // vertical position of window
             int nWidth,           // window width
             int nHeight,          // window height
             HWND hWndParent,      // handle to parent or owner window
            HMENU hMenu,          // handle to menu or child-window identifier
            HANDLE hInstance,     // handle to application instance
            LPVOID lpParam        // pointer to window-creation data
        );
        BOOL ShowWindow( int nCmdShow );
        BOOL UpdateWindow();
   public:
        HWND m_hWnd;
   };
   BOOL CWnd::CreateEx(
         DWORD dwExStyle,      // extended window style
         LPCTSTR lpClassName,  // pointer to registered class name
         LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // pointer to window name
         DWORD dwStyle,        // window style
         int x,                // horizontal position of window
         int y,                // vertical position of window
         int nWidth,           // window width
         int nHeight,          // window height
         HWND hWndParent,      // handle to parent or owner window
         HMENU hMenu,          // handle to menu or child-window identifier
         HANDLE hInstance,     // handle to application instance
         LPVOID lpParam        // pointer to window-creation data
   )
   {
        m_hWnd = ::CreateWindowEx  (dwExStyle,lpClassName,lpWindowName,dwStyle,x,y,nWidth,nHeight,hWndParent,hMenu,(HINSTANCE)hInstance,lpParam);
        if(m_hWnd != NULL)
             return TRUE;
        else
            return FALSE;
   }
   BOOL CWnd::ShowWindow(int nCmdShow)
   {
        return ::ShowWindow(m_hWnd,nCmdShow);
   }
   BOOL CWnd::UpdateWindow()
   {
        return ::UpdateWindow(m_hWnd);
   }
   int WINAPI WinMain(
     HINSTANCE hInstance,  // handle to current instance
     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,  // handle to previous instance
     LPSTR lpCmdLine,      // pointer to command line
     int nCmdShow          // show state of window
   )
   {
       WNDCLASS wndclass;     //先设计窗口类
       wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
       wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
       wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(DKGRAY_BRUSH);
       wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_HELP);
       wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_WARNING);
       wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
       wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WinDouProc;
       wndclass.lpszClassName = "Magic_Maggie";
       wndclass.lpszMenuName = 0;
       wndclass.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;
        //某一个变量原油几个变量去掉一个特征，可以用取反（~）后再进行与（&）
        //例如：style上去掉CS_NOCLOSE,可以style&~CS_NOCLOSE;
       RegisterClass(&wndclass);     ///注意先建立再注册昂
       CWnd wnd;
        wnd.CreateEx(NULL,"Magic_Maggie","DouDou",WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,0,0,800,600,NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);
        wnd.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);
        wnd.UpdateWindow();
        MSG msg;     //消息循环
        while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
       {
              TranslateMessage(&msg);
              DispatchMessage(&msg);   //触发WinDouProc
        }
       return 0;
   }
    
    
   LRESULT CALLBACK WinDouProc(
       HWND hwnd,      // handle to window
        UINT uMsg,      // message identifier
       WPARAM wParam,  // first message parameter
       LPARAM lParam   // second message parameter
   )
   {
    switch(uMsg)
    {
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
         MessageBox(hwnd,"您按下了鼠标左键昂","豆豆的程序",MB_OK);
         HDC hdc;
         hdc = GetDC(hwnd);    
        //The GetDC function retrieves a handle to a display device context for the client area of a specified window or for the entire screen. You can use the returned handle in subsequent GDI functions to draw in the device context.
         TextOut(hdc,0,0,"感谢您对豆豆程序的支持昂",strlen("感谢您对豆豆程序的支持昂"));
         ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
         break;
    
   case WM_CHAR:
         char szChar[20];
         sprintf(szChar,"Char is %d",wParam);
         MessageBox(hwnd,szChar,"豆豆的程序",MB_OK);
         break;
    
   case WM_PAINT:
         PAINTSTRUCT ps;
         HDC hDc;
         hDc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
         TextOut(hDc,0,0,"这个是重绘滴哦",strlen("这个是重绘滴哦"));
         EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
         break;
    
   case WM_CLOSE:   //这个case与下边的destroy这个case不要弄错了，否则窗口不出现，但任务管理器中运行
         if(IDYES == MessageBox(hwnd,"您真的要退出么?","豆豆的程序",MB_YESNO))
         {
              DestroyWindow(hwnd);
         }
         break;
    
   case WM_DESTROY:
         PostQuitMessage(0);
         //////////////////////////////////////////?????????????????????
         break;
    
   default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);  // 别忘记了return
    
     }
    return 0;
   }

Answer 2

一般使用API函数生成SDK窗体的顺序是这样的
首先包含<windows.h>
再定义一个Win32窗体程序的消息处理函数
如：LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam）
在int WINAPI WinMain()主函数中
1.设计窗体类
定义一个WIN32的窗体类结构 WNDCLASSEXA并填充数据
2.注册窗体类
将设计好的WIN32窗体结构类进行注册
可以使用RegisterClassExA函数
3.创建窗体获取窗体句柄
使用CreatWindow函数创建窗体 并返回窗体的句柄
4.更新窗体
创建一个消息循环截获相关消息GetMessage
并把消息推送给窗体TranslateMessage（）DispatchMessage（）
接下来就是消息处理函数的认为了
可以使用默认 DefWindowProc（）处理
以上回答绝对原创。。。
LZ明白吗？

Answer 3

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
BTNLOOK.C -- Button Look Program
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include <windows.h>
struct
{
int iStyle ;
TCHAR * szText ;
}
button[] =
{
BS_PUSHBUTTON, TEXT ("PUSHBUTTON"),
BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, TEXT ("DEFPUSHBUTTON"),
BS_CHECKBOX, TEXT ("CHECKBOX"),
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, TEXT ("AUTOCHECKBOX"),
BS_RADIOBUTTON, TEXT ("RADIOBUTTON"),
BS_3STATE, TEXT ("3STATE"),
BS_AUTO3STATE, TEXT ("AUTO3STATE"),
BS_GROUPBOX, TEXT ("GROUPBOX"),
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, TEXT ("AUTORADIO"),
BS_OWNERDRAW, TEXT ("OWNERDRAW")
} ;

#define NUM (sizeof button / sizeof button[0])
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("BtnLook") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;

wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;

if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox ( NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}

hwnd = CreateWindow ( szAppName, TEXT ("Button Look"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;

ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;

while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static HWND hwndButton[NUM] ;
static RECT rect ;
static TCHAR szTop[] = TEXT ("message wParam lParam"),
szUnd[] = TEXT ("_______ ______ ______"),
szFormat[] = TEXT ("%-16s%04X-%04X %04X-%04X"),
szBuffer[50] ;
static int cxChar, cyChar ;
HDC hdc ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
int i ;

switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
cxChar = LOWORD (GetDialogBaseUnits ()) ;
cyChar = HIWORD (GetDialogBaseUnits ()) ;

for (i = 0 ; i < NUM ; i++)
hwndButton[i] = CreateWindow ( TEXT("button"),button[i].szText,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | button[i].iStyle,
cxChar, cyChar * (1 + 2 * i),
20 * cxChar, 7 * cyChar / 4,
hwnd, (HMENU) i,
((LPCREATESTRUCT) lParam)->hInstance, NULL) ;
return 0 ;

case WM_SIZE :
rect.left = 24 * cxChar ;
rect.top = 2 * cyChar ;
rect.right = LOWORD (lParam) ;
rect.bottom = HIWORD (lParam) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT :
InvalidateRect (hwnd, &rect, TRUE) ;

hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;
SetBkMode (hdc, TRANSPARENT) ;

TextOut (hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar, szTop, lstrlen (szTop)) ;
TextOut (hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar, szUnd, lstrlen (szUnd)) ;

EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;

case WM_DRAWITEM :
case WM_COMMAND :
ScrollWindow (hwnd, 0, -cyChar, &rect, &rect) ;

hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;

TextOut( hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar * (rect.bottom / cyChar - 1),
szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, szFormat,
message == WM_DRAWITEM ? TEXT ("WM_DRAWITEM") :
TEXT ("WM_COMMAND"),
HIWORD (wParam), LOWORD (wParam),
HIWORD (lParam), LOWORD (lParam))) ;

ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
ValidateRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
break ;

case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}

Answer 4

生成或创建的英文单词怎么拼？如果是windows的API那就查查MSDN