什么都可以做宾语补足语? 带例句哦。谢谢。
宾语补足语有许多形式,如名词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等。
1、不带to的动词的不定式
Tom always makes his little sister cry. 汤姆总是招他妹妹哭。
2、带to的动词不定式
The robber forced us to leave our house. 强盗强迫我们离开屋子。
3、名词
We called it Mimi. 我们叫它咪咪。
4、形容词
I found the boy very clever. 我发现那男孩很聪明。
5、副词
He found his teacher out when he called on him. 他去拜访他的老师时,发现老师不在家。
6、介词短语
Alice went out,having a basket on her back.爱丽斯出去了,背上背着个筐。
扩展资料
宾语补足语的常见结构
1、在“使役动词 have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,有下列三种情况:
(1)have sb do sth表示使某人做某事。
(2)have sb/sth doing sth表示使某人/某物一直处在做某事的状态之中。
(3)have/get sth done表示主语请别人做某事;主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情;使完成某事,事情既可以是别人做完。
2、with/without复合结构,即“with/without+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,常用于补充说明,大多情况下作状语,有时偶作定语。有以下几种情况:
(1)过去分词:它和宾语之间构成动宾关系,表示被动和完成。
We must discuss it with the door closed. 我们必须在关门的情况下讨论这个问题。
(2)动词不定式:它表示的动作还没有发生。
With much homework to do, I can't go to the party with you tonight. 有很多作业要做,我今晚不能和你一起去参加聚会。
3、宾语补足语还可用于形式宾语it之后。例如:
The old man never entertained anyone, so he did not find it necessary to have any other furniture.
老人从不招待任何人,所以他觉得没有必要。
4. 如果把宾语变成主语,谓语用被动结构,原来的宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。例如:
They made her do a lot of work because she needed money. = She was made to do a lot of work because she needed money.
他们让她做了很多工作,因为她需要钱。
作宾语补足语:
在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
复合宾语 是由宾语和宾语补足语两部分组成。宾语补足语是表示宾语所代表的人或物所做的动作,或者和宾语有表语关系,表示状态、特性、身份等。复合宾语中的宾语和宾语补足语主要有下面几种类型:
1.名词(或代词)+不定式,例:
The teacher wants us all to become good pupils.老师希望我们成为好学生。
I didn't expect you to arrive here so soon.我没有料到你会来得这么快。
注意:谓语动词如果是使役动词make,let,have或表示
感觉的动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel,look at,listen to等,后面复合结构中的不定式不带to,例:They made the boy go to bed early.他们让那孩子早睡。
I didn't hear anyone say anything about it.我没听见人谈过这事。
但如果这类句子变为被动结构,to就要保留,例:They were made to work day and night.让他们日夜干活。
2.名词(代词)+分词,例:
we saw the boy hit by his dad.我们看见那个孩子被他爸爸打了。
I won’t have you shouting at me that way.我不容许你这样对我喊叫。
注意:在一些感觉动词后面既可用现在分词,又可用不定式构成复合宾语,但两者有差别。用现在分词表示的动作和谓语同时发生,用不定式表示的动作已结束了,例:He saw the girl singing.他看见这个女孩正在唱歌。
He saw the girl sing.他看见过这个女孩唱过歌。
3.名词(或代词)+名词
用名词作宾语补足语通常表明身份、职位等,例:They selected Li Ming leader of the group.他们选李明为小组长。(此时leader of the group表示职位不加冠词)
He always consided her his real friend.她一直把她认作真正的朋友。
4.名词性从句+形容词
复合宾语中的宾语也可由that引起的从句来充当。此时, 宾语从句常被移到句尾,前面用it来代替,例:
We all feel it sorry that the boy can’t pass the maths exam.这个男孩数学考试不及格,我们都很遗憾。
5.名词(或代词)+形容词,例:
I can’t drink it hot.这东西热得我不能喝。
The party made him happy.这次聚会使他高兴。
此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:
With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如:
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.