微分中值定理证明
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令f(x)=a^(1/x),则f'(x)=-(1/x²)(a^(1/x))·lna,由中值定理知
存在ξ∈(n,n+1),使得f'(ξ)=f(n+1)-f(n)
即a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)=-(1/ξ²)(a^(1/ξ))·lna
=>[a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)]/lna=(1/ξ²)a^(1/ξ)
∵n<ξ<n+1,∴1/(n+1)<1/ξ<1/n,又a>1
∴1/(n+1)²<1/ξ²<1/n²,a^(1/(n+1))<a^(1/ξ)<a^(1/n)
∴[a^(1/(n+1))]/(n+1)²<[a^(1/ξ)]/ξ²<[a^(1/n)]/n²
即[a^(1/(n+1))]/(n+1)²<[a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)]/lna<[a^(1/n)]/n²
存在ξ∈(n,n+1),使得f'(ξ)=f(n+1)-f(n)
即a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)=-(1/ξ²)(a^(1/ξ))·lna
=>[a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)]/lna=(1/ξ²)a^(1/ξ)
∵n<ξ<n+1,∴1/(n+1)<1/ξ<1/n,又a>1
∴1/(n+1)²<1/ξ²<1/n²,a^(1/(n+1))<a^(1/ξ)<a^(1/n)
∴[a^(1/(n+1))]/(n+1)²<[a^(1/ξ)]/ξ²<[a^(1/n)]/n²
即[a^(1/(n+1))]/(n+1)²<[a^(1/(n+1))-a^(1/n)]/lna<[a^(1/n)]/n²
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