用C语言编程实现简易的学生成绩管理系统. 20
用C语言编程实现简易的学生成绩管理系统。
（1）文件score.dat中存放了30名学生的序号和6次考试成绩，请从该文件中读取数据；
（2）计算每名学生的总分；
（3）输出总分最高和最低的学生序号及分数；
（4）根据输入的学生序号，输出该生各次考试成绩和平均成绩；
score.dat：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1o6nAykq 展开
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<string.h>
#define LEN sizeof(struct student)
#define FORMAT "%-8d%-15s%-12.1lf%-12.1lf%-12.1lf%-12.1lf\n"
#define DATA stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].elec,stu[i].expe,stu[i].requ,stu[i].sum
struct student/*定义学生成绩结构体*/
{ int num;/*学号*/
char name[15];/*姓名*/
double elec;/*选修课*/
double expe;/*实验课*/
double requ;/*必修课*/
double sum;/*总分*/
};
struct student stu[50];/*定义结构体数组*/
void in();/*录入学生成绩信息*/
void show();/*显示学生信息*/
void order();/*按总分排序*/
void del();/*删除学生成绩信息*/
void modify();/*修改学生成绩信息*/
void menu();/*主菜单*/
void insert();/*插入学生信息*/
void total();/*计算总人数*/
void search();/*查找学生信息*/
void main()/*主函数*/
{ int n;
menu();
scanf("%d",&n);/*输入选择功能的编号*/
while(n)
{ switch(n)
{ case 1: in();break;
case 2: search();break;
case 3: del();break;
case 4: modify();break;
case 5: insert();break;
case 6: order();break;
case 7: total();break;
case 8: show();break;
default:break;
}
getch();
menu();/*执行完功能再次显示菜单界面*/
scanf("%d",&n);
}
}
void in()/*录入学生信息*/
{ int i,m=0;/*m是记录的条数*/
char ch[2];
FILE *fp;/*定义文件指针*/
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","a+"))==NULL)/*打开指定文件*/
{
printf("can not open\n");
return;
}
while(!feof(fp))
{
if(fread(&stu[m] ,LEN,1,fp)==1)
m++;/*统计当前记录条数*/
}
fclose(fp);
if(m==0)
printf("No record!\n");
else
{
system("cls");
show();/*调用show函数，显示原有信息*/
}
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("can not open\n");
return;
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
fwrite(&stu[i] ,LEN,1,fp);/*向指定的磁盘文件写入信息*/
printf("please input(y/n):");
scanf("%s",ch);
while(strcmp(ch,"Y")==0||strcmp(ch,"y")==0)/*判断是否要录入新信息*/
{
printf("number:");
scanf("%d",&stu[m].num);/*输入学生学号*/
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
if(stu[i].num==stu[m].num)
{
printf("the number is existing,press any to continue!");
getch();
fclose(fp);
return;
}
printf("name:");
scanf("%s",stu[m].name);/*输入学生姓名*/
printf("elective:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[m].elec);/*输入选修课成绩*/
printf("experiment:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[m].expe);/*输入实验课成绩*/
printf("required course:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[m].requ);/*输入必修课成绩*/
stu[m].sum=stu[m].elec+stu[m].expe+stu[m].requ;/*计算出总成绩*/
if(fwrite(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)!=1)/*将新录入的信息写入指定的磁盘文件*/
{
printf("can not save!");
getch();
}
else
{
printf("%s saved!\n",stu[m].name);
m++;
}
printf("continue?(y/n):");/*询问是否继续*/
scanf("%s",ch);
}
fclose(fp);
printf("OK!\n");
}
void show()
{ FILE *fp;
int i,m=0;
fp=fopen("data.txt","rb");
while(!feof(fp))
{
if(fread(&stu[m] ,LEN,1,fp)==1)
m++;
}
fclose(fp);
printf("number name elective experiment required sum\t\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
printf(FORMAT,DATA);/*将信息按指定格式打印*/
}
}
void menu()/*自定义函数实现菜单功能*/
{
system("cls");
printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t|---------------------STUDENT-------------------|\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 0. exit |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 1. input record |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 2. search record |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 3. delete record |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 4. modify record |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 5. insert record |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 6. order |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 7. number |\n");
printf("\t\t|\t 8. show |\n");
printf("\t\t|-----------------------------------------------|\n\n");
printf("\t\t\tchoose(0-8):");
}
void order()/*自定义排序函数*/
{ FILE *fp;
struct student t;
int i=0,j=0,m=0;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","r+"))==NULL)
{
printf("can not open!\n");
return;
}
while(!feof(fp))
if(fread(&stu[m] ,LEN,1,fp)==1)
m++;
fclose(fp);
if(m==0)
{
printf("no record!\n");
return;
}
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("can not open\n");
return;}
for(i=0;i<m-1;i++)
for(j=i+1;j<m;j++)/*双重循环实现成绩比较并交换*/
if(stu[i].sum<stu[j].sum)
{ t=stu[i];stu[i]=stu[j];stu[j]=t;}
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)/*将重新排好序的内容重新写入指定的磁盘文件中*/
if(fwrite(&stu[i] ,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("%s can not save!\n");
getch();
}
fclose(fp);
printf("save successfully\n");
}
void del()/*自定义删除函数*/
{FILE *fp;
int snum,i,j,m=0;
char ch[2];
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","r+"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
while(!feof(fp)) if(fread(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)==1) m++;
fclose(fp);
if(m==0)
{
printf("no record!\n");
return;
}
printf("please input the number:");
scanf("%d",&snum);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
if(snum==stu[i].num)
break;
printf("find the student,delete?(y/n)");
scanf("%s",ch);
if(strcmp(ch,"Y")==0||strcmp(ch,"y")==0)/*判断是否要进行删除*/
for(j=i;j<m;j++)
stu[j]=stu[j+1];/*将后一个记录移到前一个记录的位置*/
m--;/*记录的总个数减1*/
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
for(j=0;j<m;j++)/*将更改后的记录重新写入指定的磁盘文件中*/
if(fwrite(&stu[j] ,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{ printf("can not save!\n");
getch();}
fclose(fp);
printf("delete successfully!\n");
}
void search()/*自定义查找函数*/
{ FILE *fp;
int snum,i,m=0;
char ch[2];
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
while(!feof(fp)) if(fread(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)==1) m++;
fclose(fp);
if(m==0) {printf("no record!\n");return;}
printf("please input the number:");
scanf("%d",&snum);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
if(snum==stu[i].num)/*查找输入的学号是否在记录中*/
{ printf("find the student,show?(y/n)");
scanf("%s",ch);
if(strcmp(ch,"Y")==0||strcmp(ch,"y")==0)
{
printf("number name elective experiment required sum\t\n");
printf(FORMAT,DATA);/*将查找出的结果按指定格式输出*/
break;
}
}
if(i==m) printf("can not find the student!\n");/*未找到要查找的信息*/
}
void modify()/*自定义修改函数*/
{ FILE *fp;
int i,j,m=0,snum;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","r+"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
while(!feof(fp))
if(fread(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)==1) m++;
if(m==0) {printf("no record!\n");
fclose(fp);
return;
}
show();
printf("please input the number of the student which do you want to modify!\n");
printf("modify number:");
scanf("%d",&snum);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
if(snum==stu[i].num)/*检索记录中是否有要修改的信息*/
break;
printf("find the student!you can modify!\n");
printf("name:");
scanf("%s",stu[i].name);/*输入名字*/
printf("elective:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i].elec);/*输入选修课成绩*/
printf("experiment:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i].expe);/*输入实验课成绩*/
printf("required course:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i].requ);/*输入必修课成绩*/
printf("modify successful!");
stu[i].sum=stu[i].elec+stu[i].expe+stu[i].requ;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
for(j=0;j<m;j++)/*将新修改的信息写入指定的磁盘文件中*/
if(fwrite(&stu[j] ,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
{ printf("can not save!"); getch(); }
fclose(fp);
}
void insert()/*自定义插入函数*/
{ FILE *fp;
int i,j,k,m=0,snum;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","r+"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
while(!feof(fp))
if(fread(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)==1) m++;
if(m==0) {printf("no record!\n");
fclose(fp);
return;
}
printf("please input position where do you want to insert!(input the number)\n");
scanf("%d",&snum);/*输入要插入的位置*/
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
if(snum==stu[i].num)
break;
for(j=m-1;j>i;j--)
stu[j+1]=stu[j];/*从最后一条记录开始均向后移一位*/
printf("now please input the new information.\n");
printf("number:");
scanf("%d",&stu[i+1].num);
for(k=0;k<m;k++)
if(stu[k].num==stu[i+1].num)
{
printf("the number is existing,press any to continue!");
getch();
fclose(fp);
return;
}
printf("name:");
scanf("%s",stu[i+1].name);
printf("elective:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i+1].elec);
printf("experiment:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i+1].expe);
printf("required course:");
scanf("%lf",&stu[i+1].requ);
stu[i+1].sum=stu[i+1].elec+stu[i+1].expe+stu[i+1].requ;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
for(k=0;k<=m;k++)
if(fwrite(&stu[k] ,LEN,1,fp)!=1)/*将修改后的记录写入磁盘文件中*/
{ printf("can not save!"); getch(); }
fclose(fp);
}
void total()
{ FILE *fp;
int m=0;
if((fp=fopen("data.txt","r+"))==NULL)
{ printf("can not open\n");return;}
while(!feof(fp))
if(fread(&stu[m],LEN,1,fp)==1)
m++;/*统计记录个数即学生个数*/
if(m==0) {printf("no record!\n");fclose(fp);return;}
printf("the class are %d students!\n",m);/*将统计的个数输出*/
fclose(fp);
}
用c++进行sort排序 而且c语言的字符数组应该不能存汉字 会乱码
//姓名，学号，英语，语文，数学三种成绩
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define maxnumber 30
int student_number;
int count1=0,count2=0,Operate1=3;
FILE *stream;
typedef struct stu{
int idnumber;
char name[20];
double English_score;
double chinese_score;
double math_score;
}Student;
//按学号排序
void putout_one(Student *sp)
{
for( int j=0;j<10;j++)
printf("******");
printf("\n");
printf(" %d %s %.1f %.1f %.1f\n",(*sp).idnumber,(*sp).name,(*sp).English_score,(*sp).chinese_score,(*sp).math_score);
for( j=0;j<10;j++)
printf("******");
printf("\n");
}
void putout_lot(Student *student)
{
for(int i=0;i<=Operate1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<10;j++)
printf("******");
printf("\n");
printf(" %d %s %.1f %.1f %.1f\n",student[i].idnumber,student[i].name,student[i].English_score,student[i].chinese_score,student[i].math_score);
}
for( int j=0;j<10;j++)
printf("******");
printf("\n");
}
void input_student(Student *S)//输入插入学生的信息
{
//printf("请输入第%d位学生（学号，名字，语文，英语，数学）\n",i+1);
scanf("%d",&(*S).idnumber);
scanf("%s",&(*S).name);
scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&(*S).chinese_score,&(*S).English_score,&(*S).math_score);
}
void id_find_in(Student *S,Student *q)//把新的学生信息加入表单
{
Student *p=S,*t;
while(count1<Operate1+1)
{
t=p;
p++;
count1++;
}
*t=*q;
count1=0;
Operate1++;
}
void insert_element(Student *S)//插入学生信息
{
printf("请输入1位学生（学号，名字，语文，英语，数学）\n");
Student *temp=(Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student)),*q=S;
input_student(temp);
id_find_in(S,temp);
}
void delet_element(Student *S,int id_n)
{
Student *p=S,*t;
while(count1<Operate1)
{
if((*p).idnumber==id_n)
{
t=p;
printf("已删除%d号学生信息\n",(*p).idnumber);
while(count2<Operate1-count1-1)
{
*(t-1)=*(++t);
count2++;
}
break;
}
count1++;
p++;
}
count1=0;
count2=0;
Operate1--;
}
int junge(char*a,char*b)
{
char *p=a,*q=b;
while(*p!='\0')
{
if(*p==*q)
{
p++;
q++;
continue;
}
else
break;
}
if(*p=='\0'&&*q=='\0')
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
void show_stu_element(Student*S,char*sp)//显示某人信息(功能已实现)
{
Student *p=S;
while(count1<Operate1)
{
if(junge((*p).name,sp))
{
printf("已找到此人：%s\n",(*p).name);
putout_one(p);
p=S;
break;
}
else
{
p++;
count1++;
continue;
}
}
if(p!=S)
printf("查无此人！\n");
count1=0;
}
void id_sort(Student *S)
{
Student *temp=(Student*)malloc(sizeof(Student)),*q=S,*t;
int num=Operate1;
while(count1<Operate1)
{
t=q+1;
while(count2<num)
{
if( (*q).idnumber> (*t).idnumber)
{
*temp=*q;
*q=*t;
*(t)=*temp;
// printf("%d\n",(*t).idnumber);
}
count2++;
t++;
// t=t+sizeof(Student); //这样无法实现why?
}
num--;
q++;
count2=0;
count1++;
//q=q+sizeof(Student);
}
count1=0;
count2=0;
}
void count_passnumber(Student *S)
{
Student *p=S;
int e_p_number=0,m_p_number=0,c_p_number=0,num=0;
while(num<=Operate1)
{
if(p->English_score>=60)
e_p_number++;
if(p->math_score>=60)
m_p_number++;
if(p->chinese_score>=60)
c_p_number++;
num++;
p++;
}
printf("/***学生总人数=：%d\n",Operate1);
printf("/***英语过关人数=%d 数学过关人数=%d 语文过关人数=%d\n",e_p_number,m_p_number,c_p_number);
printf("/***英语挂科人数=%d 数学挂科人数=%d 语文挂科人数=%d\n",Operate1+1-e_p_number,Operate1+1-m_p_number,Operate1+1-c_p_number);//因为数组下标是从0开始的
}
void main()
{
Student student[maxnumber];
stream=freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
int Operate=3;int i;int id_n;
char student_element[20];
for(i=0;i<Operate1;i++)
{
printf("请输入第%d位学生（学号，名字，语文，英语，数学）\n",i+1);
scanf("%d",&student[i].idnumber);
scanf("%s",&student[i].name);
scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&student[i].chinese_score,&student[i].English_score,&student[i].math_score);
}
//fclose(stream);
for( i=0;Operate!=0;i++)
{
printf("输入：0.退出。 1.输入学生信息 2.按姓名查找并删除学生信息 \n3.按学号排序 4.查找显示一位学生信息 \n5.显示统计记录（成员数、每科平均分） 6.输出每科及格人数和不及格人数 7(default).操作完成，等待用户输入：\n");
scanf("%d",&Operate);
switch(Operate)
{
case 1:insert_element(student); break;
case 2: scanf("%d",&id_n); delet_element(student,id_n); break;
case 3:id_sort(student);break;
case 4:scanf("%s",student_element); show_stu_element(student,student_element);break;
case 5:putout_lot(student);break;
case 6:count_passnumber(student);break;
default: printf("请输入：\n");continue;
}
if(Operate==0)
break;
}
}
