tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的区别?
这两个词的区别我知道,"tell sb doing sth" 表示告知某人正在进行的动作,强调动作的进行状态。"tell sb to do sth" 表示告知某人去做某事,强调对行动的指示或命令。"tell sb doing sth" 使用动词的-ing形式,而 "tell sb to do sth" 使用不定式形式。给大家简单总结了两个词的含义、发音以及用法,先来了解一下~~
下面一起来看看tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth有哪些区别吧!
一:动作的状态与指示的区别
"tell sb doing sth" 表示告诉某人正在进行的动作,强调动作的进行状态。"tell sb to do sth" 表示告诉某人去做某事,强调对行动的指示或命令。
例句:
He told me he was studying for the exam.
他告诉我他正在为考试学习。
She told her children to clean their rooms.
她告诉孩子们去打扫他们的房间。
二:语法结构的区别
"tell sb doing sth" 结构中,动作使用动词的-ing形式表示进行中。"tell sb to do sth" 结构中,动作使用不定式形式表示被告知的动作。
例句:
They told me they were leaving for vacation.
他们告诉我他们正在去度假。
My boss told me to finish the report by the end of the day.
我的老板告诉我要在今天结束之前完成报告。
三:含义的区别
"tell sb doing sth" 强调告知某人正在进行的动作,对动作的状态进行说明。"tell sb to do sth" 强调告知某人需要做某事,对行动的指示或命令进行说明。
例句:
She told me she was reading a fascinating book.
她告诉我她正在读一本很有趣的书。
He told the employees to attend the meeting promptly.
他告诉员工要准时参加会议。
"tell sb doing sth"强调告知正在进行的动作或状态,常见于口语交流;而"tell sb to do sth"强调告知需要进行的动作或指示,可用于口语和书面语,具有更广泛的适用范围。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别,具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
"tell sb doing sth":表示告知某人正在进行的动作或状态。
"tell sb to do sth":表示告知某人需要进行的动作或指令。
例句:
She told me she was studying for her exams.
她告诉我她正在备考。
He told his employees not to be late for the meeting.
他告诉员工会议不要迟到。
2. 用法区别:
"tell sb doing sth":常用于直接引述或转述别人当前的行为或状态。
"tell sb to do sth":常用于表达命令、建议或指示某人进行特定的动作。
例句:
Sarah told me, "I am going on vacation next week."
莎拉告诉我:“我下周要去度假。”
The teacher told the students to pay attention in class.
老师告诉学生们上课要注意听讲。
3. 使用环境区别:
"tell sb doing sth":较常见于口语交流中,强调传递当前的情况或动作。
"tell sb to do sth":更加通用,在口语和书面语中皆可使用,用于传达指示或命令。
例句:
I told my friend what I was doing last night.
我告诉朋友我昨晚在做什么。
The boss told the employees to complete the assignment by Friday.
老板告诉员工们要在周五前完成任务。
4. 影响范围区别:
"tell sb doing sth":着重描述某人正在进行的特定动作或状态,范围较为狭窄。
"tell sb to do sth":强调指示某人进行某种行动,范围更广泛。
例句:
He told his friends that he was running late for the movie.
他告诉朋友们他要迟到电影院。
The coach told the team to give their best in the upcoming match.
教练告诉队员在即将到来的比赛中全力以赴。
5. 形象区别:
"tell sb doing sth":稍微更为直观,让人联想到实际的动作正在发生。
"tell sb to do sth":相对抽象,强调说话者向对方传达了一项任务或指令。
例句:
She told me she is dancing on the stage.
她告诉我她正在舞台上跳舞。
The manager told the team members to think outside the box.
经理告诉团队成员要跳出思维定势。
首先我们来看下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的大致意思:
tell sb doing sth:词性为短语,tell:告诉;sb:某人;doing:正在做;sth:某事
tell sb to do sth:词性为短语,tell:告诉;sb:某人;to do:做某事;sth:某事
通过下面的表格我们了解下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的含义、发音和用法
接下来让我们看下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的用法区别:
1.语法结构:tell sb doing sth是tell和doing构成的动名词结构,表示告诉某人正在进行的动作或状态。tell sb to do sth是tell和to do构成的不定式结构,表示告诉某人应该做的动作。
例子:
- I told him waiting for your reply.
(我告诉他正在等待你的回复。)
- They told me to buy food.
(他们告诉我去购买食物。)
2.动作性质:tell sb doing sth强调被告知的动作是正在进行的,有一定的持续性;tell sb to do sth强调被告知的动作是一次性的,没有持续性。
例子:
- She told me cooking.
(她告诉我在做饭。)
- He told me to go see him tomorrow.
(他告诉我明天去见他。)
3.口语表达:tell sb doing sth多用于非正式场合或口语,常用于口头交流;tell sb to do sth较为正式,用于书面语或正式场合。
例子:
- He ran up to me telling me he found a job.
(他跑来告诉我他找到了工作。)
- The teacher told the students to be quiet.
(老师告诉学生安静。)
4.动作顺序:tell sb doing sth强调告知的动作在某个动作之前发生;tell sb to do sth强调告知的动作发生在某个动作之后。
例子:
- He told me resting after finishing the task.
(他告诉我完成任务后再休息。)
- He told me to go buy the materials first.
(他告诉我先去购买材料。)
"Tell sb doing sth" 和 "Tell sb to do sth" 是两种不同的表达方式,它们在用法和意义上有一些区别:
1. "Tell sb doing sth":这个结构中,动词的-ing形式表示正在进行的动作。它用来描述告诉某人正在进行的特定活动或状态。例如:
- She told me she was studying for her exams.(她告诉我她正在为考试而学习。)
- He told the kids they were playing too loudly.(他告诉孩子们他们玩得太吵了。)
2. "Tell sb to do sth":这个结构中,动词的原形(不带to)表示命令、建议或要求。它用来说明告诉某人去做某事。例如:
- My boss told me to finish the report by the end of the day.(我的老板告诉我要在今天结束前完成报告。)
- They told him to be quiet during the meeting.(他们告诉他在会议期间保持安静。)
总结来说,"Tell sb doing sth" 强调的是告知某人当前正在进行的动作或状态,而 "Tell sb to do sth" 则是指示或要求某人去做某事。具体使用哪一种结构取决于你想要表达的内容和语境。
"tell sb doing sth"表示告诉某人正在做某事,强调的是某人正在进行的动作。例如:"I told him studying for the exam is important."(我告诉他学习考试很重要。)
而"tell sb to do sth"表示告诉某人去做某事,"tell sb doing sth"和"tell sb to do sth"的区别在于动词的形式不同。强调的是某人被告知要进行的动作。
"tell sb doing sth"表示告诉某人正在做某事,例如:"I told him to study for the exam."(我告诉他要为考试学习。)所以,即告知某人正在进行的动作或状态。这种结构中,动词使用现在分词形式(-ing形式)。
例句:两者的区别在于强调的是正在进行的动作还是被告知要进行的动作。