1.从定义上区分:
(1)可以充当句子谓语的动词称为谓语动词。
例如:He wants to go home.他想回家。
主语:He
谓语:wants
宾语:to go home (不定式作宾语,不定式属于4种非谓语动词中的其中一种)
(备注:作谓语动词为wants, 因此为谓语动词)
(备注:不是作谓语而是作宾语的动词to go home,因此为非谓语动词)
(2)不能单独充当句子谓语或者完全不能充当句子谓语动词称为非谓语动词。
例如:She likes watching TV.她喜欢看电视。
主语:She
谓语:likes
宾语:watching TV(动名词作宾语,动名词属于4种非谓语动词中的其中一种)
(备注:作谓语动词为likes, 因此为谓语动词)
(备注:不是作谓语而是作宾语的动词watching TV,因此为非谓语动词)
2.从形式上区分:
(1)如果动词是以:现在分词/过去分词/不定式/动名词形式存在于句子中则为非谓语动词。
A:以不定式为例子(to do)(可以作句子以下8种不同成分)
To learn English well is very important.(作主语)
She wants to learn English well.(作宾语)
His dream is to become a pilot.(作表语)
The quickest way to travel is by plane.(作定语)
His mother wants him to go home early.(作宾语补足语)
He comes to help me with my English.(作目的状语)
He is old enough to go to school(作结果状语)
He received an order to attack the city.(作同位语)
To tell you the truth, I don't like physics.(作评论性状语,或者插入语;以及独立成分)
B:以现在分词为例(doing)(可以作句子以下5种不同成分)
I hear someone calling me.(补足语)
Hearing the news, she burst into tears.(状语)
The boy watching TV is called Tom.(定语)
The story is so interesting.(表语)
This is an interesting story.(作定语,由现在分词转化成形容词)
C:以过去分词为例(done)(可以作句子以下5种不同成分)
He saw a big killed just now.(作补足语)
Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks more (3)beautiful.(作状语)
There are a lot of fallen leaves on the ground.(作定语)
The cup was broken.(作表语)
D:以动名词为例(doing)(可以作句子以下5种不同成分)
Learning English well is very important.(作主语)
He hates learning English.(作动词hates的宾语)
His job is washing dishes.(作表语)
He left without saying goodbye to me(作介词without宾语)
This is a swimming pool.(作定语)
(2)如果动词是以:动词人称单数,动词过去式,动词原形形式存在于句中,则为谓语动词。