有哪些副词位于句首时,句子要部份倒装
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1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。
She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
【注意】
(1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：
You aren’t young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She hasn’t read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。
(2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
"It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
"Father, you promised." "Well, so I did." “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”
5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：
Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。
She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
【注意】
(1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：
You aren’t young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She hasn’t read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。
(2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
"It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
"Father, you promised." "Well, so I did." “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”
5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：
Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
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1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。
She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
【注意】
(1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：
You aren’t young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She hasn’t read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。
(2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
"It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
"Father, you promised." "Well, so I did." “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”
5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：
Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：
He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：
On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：
In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装
当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：
You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。
She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
【注意】
(1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：
You aren’t young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。
She hasn’t read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。
(2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：
"It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”
"Father, you promised." "Well, so I did." “爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。”
5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装
当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：
Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。
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一。“ only+状语” 置于句首, 主句需要部分倒装
具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含否定词的介词短语置于句首作状语时
“so或neither + 助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语”表示“……也/也不”
so/such...that...句型
以 had/were/should 开头省略 if 的虚拟条件句
the more...the more...句型
whatever 或 however 引导的让步状语从句
as /though 引导的让步状语从句
二、部分倒装(Partial Inversion)具体用法。
把 be 动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。 这类句型主要有下面几种:
1.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句, 且放在句首时。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语。
使用特点:
(1) 在部分倒装句中, 如果谓语部分无助动词, 则需找助动词来“帮助” 构成倒装句。
(x) Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(√) Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
只是在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。
(2) only 修饰状语从句时, 从句不可倒装, 主句倒装。
(x) Only when did he return we found out the truth.
(√) Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只是当他回来的时候, 我们才查明了真相。
(3) only 修饰主语时, 句子不可倒装。
(x) Only can he answer the question.
(√) Only he can answer the question.只有他能回答这个问题。
2. 否定词 never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely,rarely 及表否定意义的介词短语 at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。
Never before have I seen such a moving film. = I have neverseen such a moving film before.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
Not a single mistake did he make. = He didn't make a single mistake.
他一个错误也没犯。
Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.= I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.
我认为在天黑之前完成这项工作几乎是不可能的。
3.六个重要的固定句型:
(1) “ so+be 动词 /助动词 /情态动词+主语” 意为“ …… 也是如此” 。
They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢交很多朋友, 那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“ it is /was the same with...” 或“so it is /waswith...” 。
They love having lots of friends;
it is the same with those with disabilities.
so it is with those with disabilities.
②如果仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的 so = indeed) ,那么, 句子不可使用倒装。 试比较:
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是 A)
B: So was I.(I 指的是 B, 此句意为: I was afraid, too.)
A: 我害怕。B: 我也是。
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是 A)
B: So you were. (you 指的也是 A。 此句意为: Indeed youwere afraid.)
A: 我害怕。B: 你就是这样。
(2) “ neither/nor+ be 动词 /助动词 /情态动词 + 主语” 意为“ ……也不这样” 。
Lily can't ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车, 露西也不会。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“ it is /was the same with...” 或“ so it is /was with...” 。
Lily can't ride a bicycle;
it is the same with Lucy.
so it is with Lucy.
②此句型中的 neither/nor 不可用 so...not 替代, 但可用 not...either 改写。
(x) I have never been abroad.So hasn't he.
(√) I have never been abroad.Neither/Nor has he.
(√) I have never been abroad.He has never/not been abroad,either.
我没出过国。 他也没有。
(3)如此……以至于……
So+adj. /adv. ...that...
Such+(a/an+) adj. +n. ...that...
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他说英语说得如此清晰, 以至于别人都能听得懂。
Such an interesting book does he have that we all want to read it.
他有一本如此有趣的书, 以至于我们都想读。
使用特点:
在这个句型中, so, such 后面的句子要倒装, 而 that 引导的从句不倒装。
(4) Neither..., nor...意为“ ……不……, ……也不……” 。
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
我不知道这件事, 也不关心。
使用特点:
由于 neither 和 nor 都是否定词, 所以它们后面的句子均需倒装。
(5) Not only...but also...意为“ 不仅……而且……” 。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助, 而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药物治疗。
使用特点:
此句型也可写成 Not only...but...或 Not only...but...as well 的形式, 但 but(also) 连接的句子必需用正常语序。
(6) Not until...意为“ 直到……才……” 。
Not until 4:00 in the morning could he fall asleep.
直到早晨 4 点他才睡着。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
但是: Not until did he return we had supper.(x)
使用特点:
not until 引导的是从句时, until 从句的主谓不可倒装, 只是主句需要倒装。
题组训练 单句填空
④Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and Tom won't either .
⑤Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
三、形式倒装(Formal Inversion)
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。 它的特点是: 只把强调的内容提至句首, 主谓并不倒装。 这样的结构非常多, 但有几个重要的句型需要特别注意:
1 .感叹句
What an interesting talk they had!
他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话呀!
How interesting their talk is!
他们的谈话多么有趣呀!
使用特点:
对名词(或中心词是名词) 感叹时, 用 what 引出; 对形容词或副词感叹时, 用 how 引出。
2.the more..., the more...句型
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
你听英语听得越多, 它就变得越简单。
使用特点:
(1) 此句型中的 more 代表的是形容词或副词的比较级, 要灵活使用。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你学习越努力, 取得的进步就越大。
(2) 此句型中的第一个 the more 引导的部分相当于一个条件状语从句; 第二个 the more 引导的部分相当于一个主句。所以, 上面例句的意思实质上就是: If you work harder, you will makegreater progress.
3.however, whatever 引导的让步状语从句
(1) “ however+adj. /adv. ” 引导的让步状语从句
However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.
无论这个问题可能会有多难, 今晚我们必须解决它。
(2) “ whatever+n. ” 引导的让步状语从句
Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
无论你有什么理由, 你都应当履行诺言。
4.as, though 引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况
(1) 表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.
尽管很累, 他还是继续工作。
Strange as/though it seems, it is true.
尽管看上去奇怪, 这事却是真的。
Exhausted as/though she was, she wasn't able to sleep.
尽管筋疲力尽, 但她还是睡不着觉。
注意: 如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语, 不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class, he speaks English best.
他虽然是我们班年龄最小的, 但他英语说得最好。
(2) 谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might, he didn't pass the exam.
尽管很用功, 但他考试还是不及格。
Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.
尽管到处寻找, 但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
注意: 行为动词前置时, 从句主语后面要用 may, might, can,could, will, would 等情态动词, 若没有情态动词, 则需加上一个 do(does 或 did) 。 若前置的行为动词是及物动词, 则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Change your mind as /though you do, you will get no help from us.
即使你改变主意, 你也得不到我们的帮助。
(3) 状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.
虽然他很喜欢那辆自行车, 但他不想买它。
Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.
我虽然学习努力, 但还是赶不上他们。
具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含否定词的介词短语置于句首作状语时
“so或neither + 助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语”表示“……也/也不”
so/such...that...句型
以 had/were/should 开头省略 if 的虚拟条件句
the more...the more...句型
whatever 或 however 引导的让步状语从句
as /though 引导的让步状语从句
二、部分倒装(Partial Inversion)具体用法。
把 be 动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。 这类句型主要有下面几种:
1.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句, 且放在句首时。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语。
使用特点:
(1) 在部分倒装句中, 如果谓语部分无助动词, 则需找助动词来“帮助” 构成倒装句。
(x) Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(√) Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
只是在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。
(2) only 修饰状语从句时, 从句不可倒装, 主句倒装。
(x) Only when did he return we found out the truth.
(√) Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只是当他回来的时候, 我们才查明了真相。
(3) only 修饰主语时, 句子不可倒装。
(x) Only can he answer the question.
(√) Only he can answer the question.只有他能回答这个问题。
2. 否定词 never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely,rarely 及表否定意义的介词短语 at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。
Never before have I seen such a moving film. = I have neverseen such a moving film before.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
Not a single mistake did he make. = He didn't make a single mistake.
他一个错误也没犯。
Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.= I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.
我认为在天黑之前完成这项工作几乎是不可能的。
3.六个重要的固定句型:
(1) “ so+be 动词 /助动词 /情态动词+主语” 意为“ …… 也是如此” 。
They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢交很多朋友, 那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“ it is /was the same with...” 或“so it is /waswith...” 。
They love having lots of friends;
it is the same with those with disabilities.
so it is with those with disabilities.
②如果仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的 so = indeed) ,那么, 句子不可使用倒装。 试比较:
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是 A)
B: So was I.(I 指的是 B, 此句意为: I was afraid, too.)
A: 我害怕。B: 我也是。
A: I was afraid.(I 指的是 A)
B: So you were. (you 指的也是 A。 此句意为: Indeed youwere afraid.)
A: 我害怕。B: 你就是这样。
(2) “ neither/nor+ be 动词 /助动词 /情态动词 + 主语” 意为“ ……也不这样” 。
Lily can't ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.
莉莉不会骑自行车, 露西也不会。
使用特点:
①此句型也可写成“ it is /was the same with...” 或“ so it is /was with...” 。
Lily can't ride a bicycle;
it is the same with Lucy.
so it is with Lucy.
②此句型中的 neither/nor 不可用 so...not 替代, 但可用 not...either 改写。
(x) I have never been abroad.So hasn't he.
(√) I have never been abroad.Neither/Nor has he.
(√) I have never been abroad.He has never/not been abroad,either.
我没出过国。 他也没有。
(3)如此……以至于……
So+adj. /adv. ...that...
Such+(a/an+) adj. +n. ...that...
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他说英语说得如此清晰, 以至于别人都能听得懂。
Such an interesting book does he have that we all want to read it.
他有一本如此有趣的书, 以至于我们都想读。
使用特点:
在这个句型中, so, such 后面的句子要倒装, 而 that 引导的从句不倒装。
(4) Neither..., nor...意为“ ……不……, ……也不……” 。
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
我不知道这件事, 也不关心。
使用特点:
由于 neither 和 nor 都是否定词, 所以它们后面的句子均需倒装。
(5) Not only...but also...意为“ 不仅……而且……” 。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助, 而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药物治疗。
使用特点:
此句型也可写成 Not only...but...或 Not only...but...as well 的形式, 但 but(also) 连接的句子必需用正常语序。
(6) Not until...意为“ 直到……才……” 。
Not until 4:00 in the morning could he fall asleep.
直到早晨 4 点他才睡着。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
但是: Not until did he return we had supper.(x)
使用特点:
not until 引导的是从句时, until 从句的主谓不可倒装, 只是主句需要倒装。
题组训练 单句填空
④Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and Tom won't either .
⑤Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
三、形式倒装(Formal Inversion)
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。 它的特点是: 只把强调的内容提至句首, 主谓并不倒装。 这样的结构非常多, 但有几个重要的句型需要特别注意:
1 .感叹句
What an interesting talk they had!
他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话呀!
How interesting their talk is!
他们的谈话多么有趣呀!
使用特点:
对名词(或中心词是名词) 感叹时, 用 what 引出; 对形容词或副词感叹时, 用 how 引出。
2.the more..., the more...句型
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
你听英语听得越多, 它就变得越简单。
使用特点:
(1) 此句型中的 more 代表的是形容词或副词的比较级, 要灵活使用。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你学习越努力, 取得的进步就越大。
(2) 此句型中的第一个 the more 引导的部分相当于一个条件状语从句; 第二个 the more 引导的部分相当于一个主句。所以, 上面例句的意思实质上就是: If you work harder, you will makegreater progress.
3.however, whatever 引导的让步状语从句
(1) “ however+adj. /adv. ” 引导的让步状语从句
However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.
无论这个问题可能会有多难, 今晚我们必须解决它。
(2) “ whatever+n. ” 引导的让步状语从句
Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
无论你有什么理由, 你都应当履行诺言。
4.as, though 引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况
(1) 表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.
尽管很累, 他还是继续工作。
Strange as/though it seems, it is true.
尽管看上去奇怪, 这事却是真的。
Exhausted as/though she was, she wasn't able to sleep.
尽管筋疲力尽, 但她还是睡不着觉。
注意: 如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语, 不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class, he speaks English best.
他虽然是我们班年龄最小的, 但他英语说得最好。
(2) 谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might, he didn't pass the exam.
尽管很用功, 但他考试还是不及格。
Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.
尽管到处寻找, 但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
注意: 行为动词前置时, 从句主语后面要用 may, might, can,could, will, would 等情态动词, 若没有情态动词, 则需加上一个 do(does 或 did) 。 若前置的行为动词是及物动词, 则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Change your mind as /though you do, you will get no help from us.
即使你改变主意, 你也得不到我们的帮助。
(3) 状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.
虽然他很喜欢那辆自行车, 但他不想买它。
Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.
我虽然学习努力, 但还是赶不上他们。
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1、否定副词位于句首时的倒装，否定副词或短语+谓语+主语。
这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly 等等.
如：Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.她刚出门,就有个学生来访.
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
（1）I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
（2）He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
（3）She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
（4）He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
（5）We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
2、表示方位的副词位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。表示方位的副词置前，如：out/away/in等，需要完全倒装。
例句：Out came a shout for help from the room.
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly 等等.
如：Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.她刚出门,就有个学生来访.
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
（1）I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
（2）He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
（3）She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
（4）He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
（5）We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
2、表示方位的副词位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。表示方位的副词置前，如：out/away/in等，需要完全倒装。
例句：Out came a shout for help from the room.
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
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1、按英语习惯同，当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：
（1）Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
（2）Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
（3）Only in this way can our honour be saved. 只有这样，才能保住我们的荣誉。
（4）Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。
（5）Only after her death was I able to appreciate her. 只有到她死后我才认识到她的价值。
2、当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：
（1）So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
（2）So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。
（3）So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。
3、当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构。如：
（1）You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。
（2）She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。
（3）If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。
拓展资料：
在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语＋谓语动词＋主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：
（1）On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。
（2）On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。
（3）Here is your coat. 这是你的外套。
（4）Here are your running-shoes. 这是你的跑鞋。
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