新概念英语第二册Lesson67~69课文注释
新概念英语第二册Lesson67课文注释
1.to set up his camp very close to the volcano,把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。
表示“与……靠近’可用 close to:
He parked the car close to the river.
他把车停在河边。
Don't sit so close to the fire.
别坐得离火那么近。
2.Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs…尽管他设法拍了一些精彩的照片……
manage to do sth. 表示“设法做到某事”、“努力完成某事”,即虽然很费劲,但仍然做到/完成某事。另一短语 try to do sth. 可表示“设法做某事”、“努力做某事”,但并不表示完成/做到的含义:
He tried to open the door but couldn't.
他试图打开那门,但打不开。
He managed to open the door.
他设法把门打开了。
I finally managed to buy a house.
我终于设法买了一座房子。
3.a river of liquid rock,一股岩浆。
river在这里为比喻用法,表示“(……的)巨流”。由于 a river of 这个结构中没有 as, like等明确表示“像”的词,因此,它是一种暗喻。
When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.
她听到这个消息后,泪如泉涌。
Rivers of blood flowed during World war Ⅱ.
第二次世界大战期间血流成河。
4.It threatened to surround him completely…(岩浆)眼看就要将他团团围住……
threaten表示“威胁着要”、“恐吓”:
The forest fire threatened to destroy the town.
森林大火眼看就要将这个镇子焚毁。
He threatened to leave the team.
他扬言要离开这个队。
关于 threaten… with,参见第62课课文详注。
5.to escape just in time, 及时逃离。
in time表示“及时”、“来得及”,just表示“正好”、“差一点”:
I caught the train just in time.
我刚好来得及赶上火车。
Shall we still be in time for / to see the performance?
我们还来得及看演出吗?
6.risked one's life, 冒着生命危险。
关于risk作为名词和动词的用法,参见第44课词汇学习。
7.any man alive, 任何在世的人。
alive 为形容词,可表示“在世的”、“活着的”,通常作表语。它作宾语时必须放在被修饰的词之后:
Is your grandfather still alive?
你祖父还活着吗?
Every man alive has his / her own troubles.
每个活着的人都有自己的烦恼。
新概念英语第二册Lesson68课文注释
1.I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 我穿过马路以便避开他,但他看到我并朝我跑过来。
(1)avoid 以及本课中出现的 enjoy, fancy, mind, finish等动词后面只跟名词性的宾语,即只跟名词或动名词:
They managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall.
他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故/避免了将车撞在墙上。
(2)running 引导的是分词短语,作状语,修饰 came,表示伴随状况:
She ran after the thief shouting out for help.
她一边追赶小偷,一边大声喊叫求助。
2.It was no use pretending that I had not seen him…若再装做没看见他已是没有用了……
这句话中,it是先行主语,真正的主语是 pretending 引导的动名词短语。It is (of) no use doing…是个固定结构(其中的 of可省略),表示“做……也是徒劳的/无益的”:
It is (of) no use worrying about your family.
为你的家人担心是无益的。
3.No matter how busy you are…不管你多忙……
no matter可与疑问词 (how, who, when, where, what等)一起引导让步从句,表示“无论”:
No matter where you go, you can't forget your home.
无论你到哪里,都无法忘记自己的家。
No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thing.
无论我说什么,都似乎说得不当。
4.I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning. 我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。
think of在这里的含义是“想出”, way在这里表示“办法”, a way of后面的部分用于修饰 way。prevent表示“阻止/制止”时其常用结构为 prevent sb. from doing sth., from可以省略:
I can't prevent you from going if you want to.
你如果想去,我无法阻止。
5.You're not busy doing anything, are you? 你不忙,是吧?
这是一个附加疑问句,又称反意疑问句,是由陈述句后面加简略疑问句构成。陈述句如果是肯定的,则附加疑问句通常用否定形式;陈述句如果是否定的,则附加的疑问句用肯定形式。陈述句中有助动词时,附加疑问句重复其中的助动词;如果没有,则用do的各种形式构成:
John was angry, wasn't he?
约翰生气了,不是吗?(肯定式+否定式)
He hasn't left, has he?
他没走,是吗?(否定式+肯定式)
I can see him, can't I?
我可以见他,不是吗?(情态助动词作助动词)
You like it, don't you?
你喜欢它,不是吗?(没有助动词时加do)
6.Would you mind my coming with you? 我跟你一道去行吗?
(1)Would/ Do you mind…? 是一个用来表示客气的请求或征求意见的结构,其中可以用if引导的从句或动名词结构。表示“同意/不介意”时,用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”来回答;不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法,如“ I'm sorry, but…”等回答,不用“yes, I do”:
Would you mind waiting a moment?
您等一会儿行吗?
No,not at all.
可以。
I'm sorry,but I have to see the manager in ten minutes.
对不起,不过我10分钟后得去见经理。
(2)如果动名词的动作执行者与句子的主语不一致时,它前面可以加所有格形容词或宾格代词,作为动名词的逻辑主语(cf. 本课语法):
I hope you won't mind my staying here.
我希望你不介意我呆在这儿。
新概念英语第二册Lesson69课文注释
1.to drive in heavy traffic, 在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶。
heavy在这里表示“大量的”、“多的”、“密集的”:
Traffic is heavier on this road than on the other one.
这条路上的交通比另一条路上拥挤。
2.…I began to acquire confidence.……我开始有了信心。
acquire通常表示通过努力“获得”、“学到(知识、技术、语言等)”,也可用来表示“养成(习惯等)”:
Mary acquired a good knowledge of Chinese in five years' time.
5年之内玛丽学会了汉语。
Tom acquired a habit of smoking.
汤姆养成了抽烟的习惯。
3.Sure that I had passed…确信我已通过考试……
句首省略了分词being或feeling,在句中作状语(与分词结构作状语的情况类似):
Interested in the story, he finished reading the book in two hours.
由于对故事(情节)感兴趣,他两个小时就把那本书读完了。
4.The examiner must have been pleased with my performance…主考人对我的驾驶想必是满意的……
must have been表示对过去的事情进行猜测。 performance在这里表示“表现”、“表演”、“工作情况”等。(cf.第13课词汇学习)表示“对……满意”时可以用be pleased with:
They are pleased with his work.
他们对他的工作满意。
The manager isn't very pleased with his secretary.
经理对他的秘书不太满意。
5.Let us suppose that…让我们假设……
suppose表示“假设”、“设定”时经常用于“let us suppose that”这个结构:
Let us suppose that there is a forest fire.
让我们假设发生了森林火灾。
6.in a mournful voice, 以悲伤的声调。
in a… voice 表示“以……的声调”:
He told them the news in a sad/ excited voice.
他用悲伤的/激动的声调把这消息告诉了他们。