Question

小学生必备英语知识点

Answer 1

　　1、一般现在时
　　A、表示不受时限的客观存在如：He is a boy. She is a student.
　　My mother is anurse. This is a dog. I have a book.
　　B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，
　　如：often(经常) , usually(通常，一般) , sometimes(有时) ,
　　always(总是，一直) , never(从不)
　　如：I often go to school on foot.
　　My father works in a school.
　　Mike watches TV every day.
　　I usually playcomputer games on the weekend.
　　C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作.如：How are you? You look happy. What’s the matterwith you? I have a headache. What do you have for lunch? I have some chicken.
　　注意英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加s 或 -es。例如：I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。如：watches , teaches ,goes , washes
　　2、一般将来时
　　表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year ,this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等
　　注意 一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构：
　　①be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点
　　②will + 动词的原形
　　例句： I’m going to go shopping thisafternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky.
　　3、现在进行时
　　表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。
　　注意它的构成是：be的现在时形式(am , is , are)加动词的ing形式。
　　如：What are you doing? I’m writing a letter. What arethey doing? They’re swimming.Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.Look, Amy is reading an English book.
　　注意动词的ing形式的构成规则：
　　① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
　　② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing
　　③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming, sitting , getting
　　4、一般过去时
　　主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态，也可表示过去的习惯动作。它与现在时间不发生关系，它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。它经常与表示过去的时间连用。如：I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night. I watched TVyesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test.
　　注意一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式，动词的过去式的构成规则有：
　　A、规则动词① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed　;如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited②　以e结尾的动词直接加d　;如　lived, danced , used
　　③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed　(此类动词较少)如　study –studied carry – carried worry – worried (play、stay除外)④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如　stopped
　　B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：
　　sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did ,
　　go – went , take– took , get – got , read – read , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , tell – told , come – came , drink – drank

【常考知识】

　　情态动词
　　can;can’t;should;shouldn’t;must;may后一定加动词原形。
　　如：The girl can’t swim，but he can skate.
　　女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰。
　　Don’t talk in class，you should listen to the teacher carefully.
　　不要在课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。
　　祈使句
　　肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。
　　如：Open the box for me，please.
　　请为我打开盒子。
　　Liu Tao!Please get up earlier tomorrow.
　　刘涛，明天请早点起床!
　　Don’t walk on the grass!
　　不要在草地上走!
　　Helen!Don’t climb the tree，please.
　　海伦!不要爬树。
　　go的用法
　　去干嘛用go+动词ing
　　如：go swimming;
　　go fishing;
　　go skating;
　　go camping;
　　go running;
　　go skiing;
　　go rowing...
　　比较
　　than前用比较级;as...as之间用原级。
　　如：My mother is two years younger than my father.
　　我妈比我爸年轻两岁。
　　Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.
　　刘涛跳得和本一样远。

【易错知识点】

　　连词用法
　　1. 和我不一样，她对英语很精通。
　　× Different from me, she is proficient in English.
　　√ Unlike me, she is proficient in English.
　　2. 莫妮卡，借我点钱吧，比方说500美元。
　　× Lend me some money, for instance 500 dollars, Monika.
　　√ Lend me some money, say 500 dollars, Monika.
　　3. 去年夏天我本想去欧洲，但费用太高于是放弃了。
　　× I wanted to go to Europe last summer, but it was too expensive so I gave up to go.
　　√ I wanted to go to Europe last summer, but it was too expensive so I gave up the idea.
　　4. 我就是这样做的。
　　× This is the way how I did it.
　　√ This is how I did it. or This is the way I did it.
　　5. 我来这儿的路上遇到了交通事故，所以迟到了。
　　× There was a traffic accident on my way here. It is why I was late.
　　√ There was a traffic accident on my way here. That is why I was late.
　　6. 他们不理解我的想法。
　　× hey didn't understand my mind.
　　√ They didn't understand what I was thinking.
　　7. 无论是他们还是我都不对这个错误负责。
　　× Neither they nor I are to blame for this mistake.
　　√ Neither they nor I am to blame for this mistake.
　　副词用法
　　1. 去哪儿都行。
　　× Anywhere will do.
　　√ Any place will do.
　　2. 会议定在今天下午3点召开。
　　× The general meeting is scheduled to be held this afternoon at three.
　　√ The general meeting is scheduled to be held at three this afternoon.
　　3. 昨天早上在费尔大街，她偶遇了她的男朋友。
　　× She ran into her boyfriend yesterday morning in Fair Avenue.
　　√ She ran into her boyfriend in Fair Avenue yesterday morning.
　　4. 不要对我抱太多期望。
　　× Don't expect me too much.
　　√ Don't expect too much from (of) me.
　　5. 给我点钱吧，如果你有的话。
　　× Give me money, if you have.
　　√ Give me money, if you have any.
　　6. 他待我十分友好。
　　× He treated me very friendly.
　　√ He treated me in a friendly way.