蛇感官的英文介绍
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Pythons, and some boas have infrared-sensitive receptors in deep grooves on the snout, which allow them to "see" the radiated heat of warm-blooded prey. In pit vipers, the grooves are located between the nostril and the eye in a large "pit" on each side of the head. Other infrared-sensitive snakes have multiple, smaller labial pits lining the upper lip, just below the nostrils.(蟒蛇和一些蟒蛇在鼻子的深槽中有红外敏感受体，这使它们能够“看到”温血猎物的辐射热量。在凹坑推进器中，凹槽位于鼻孔和眼睛之间，位于头部两侧的大“凹坑”中。其他红外线敏感的蛇在上唇的下方，在鼻孔下方有多个较小的阴唇。)
Snakes use smell to track their prey. They smell by using their forked tongues to collect airborne particles, then passing them to the vomeronasal organ or Jacobson's organ in the mouth for examination. The fork in the tongue gives snakes a sort of directional sense of smell and taste simultaneously. They keep their tongues constantly in motion, sampling particles from the air, ground, and water, analyzing the chemicals found, and determining the presence of prey or predators in the local environment. In water-dwelling snakes, such as the anaconda, the tongue functions efficiently underwater.(蛇用气味追踪猎物。他们用叉形舌头收集空气中的颗粒，然后将它们传递到犁鼻器官或口腔中的雅各布森器官进行检查。舌头上的叉子同时给蛇带来一种定向的嗅觉和味觉。他们保持舌头不断运动，从空气，地面和水中取样颗粒，分析所发现的化学物质，并确定当地环境中猎物或捕食者的存在。在诸如蟒蛇的水栖蛇中，舌头在水下有效地起作用。)
A line diagram from G.A. Boulenger's Fauna of British India (1890) illustrating the terminology of shields on the head of a snake.(G.A的线图 英属印度的蛙的动物（1890）表示盾牌上的蛇头的术语。)
The underside is very sensitive to vibration. This allows snakes to be able to sense approaching animals by detecting faint vibrations in the ground.(蛇底面对振动非常敏感。 这使得蛇能够通过检测地面中的微弱振动来感知接近的动物。)
Snake vision varies greatly, from only being able to distinguish light from dark to keen eyesight, but the main trend is that their vision is adequate although not sharp, and allows them to track movements. Generally, vision is best in arboreal snakes and weakest in burrowing snakes. Some snakes, such as the Asian vine snake (genus Ahaetulla), have binocular vision, with both eyes capable of focusing on the same point. Most snakes focus by moving the lens back and forth in relation to the retina, while in the other amniote groups, the lens is stretched. Many nocturnal snakes have slit pupils while diurnal snakes have round pupils.(蛇视觉差异很大，从能够区分光线从暗到敏锐的视力，但主要趋势是它们的视力虽然不够锐利，但可以跟踪运动。 一般来说，视力最好是树栖蛇，最弱的是穴居蛇。 一些蛇，例如亚洲藤蔓蛇（Ahaetulla属），具有双眼视觉，双眼能够聚焦于同一点。 大多数蛇通过相对于视网膜来回移动镜片来聚焦，而在其他羊膜组中，镜片被拉伸。 许多夜行蛇有瞳孔，而昼夜蛇有圆瞳。)
Snakes use smell to track their prey. They smell by using their forked tongues to collect airborne particles, then passing them to the vomeronasal organ or Jacobson's organ in the mouth for examination. The fork in the tongue gives snakes a sort of directional sense of smell and taste simultaneously. They keep their tongues constantly in motion, sampling particles from the air, ground, and water, analyzing the chemicals found, and determining the presence of prey or predators in the local environment. In water-dwelling snakes, such as the anaconda, the tongue functions efficiently underwater.(蛇用气味追踪猎物。他们用叉形舌头收集空气中的颗粒，然后将它们传递到犁鼻器官或口腔中的雅各布森器官进行检查。舌头上的叉子同时给蛇带来一种定向的嗅觉和味觉。他们保持舌头不断运动，从空气，地面和水中取样颗粒，分析所发现的化学物质，并确定当地环境中猎物或捕食者的存在。在诸如蟒蛇的水栖蛇中，舌头在水下有效地起作用。)
A line diagram from G.A. Boulenger's Fauna of British India (1890) illustrating the terminology of shields on the head of a snake.(G.A的线图 英属印度的蛙的动物（1890）表示盾牌上的蛇头的术语。)
The underside is very sensitive to vibration. This allows snakes to be able to sense approaching animals by detecting faint vibrations in the ground.(蛇底面对振动非常敏感。 这使得蛇能够通过检测地面中的微弱振动来感知接近的动物。)
Snake vision varies greatly, from only being able to distinguish light from dark to keen eyesight, but the main trend is that their vision is adequate although not sharp, and allows them to track movements. Generally, vision is best in arboreal snakes and weakest in burrowing snakes. Some snakes, such as the Asian vine snake (genus Ahaetulla), have binocular vision, with both eyes capable of focusing on the same point. Most snakes focus by moving the lens back and forth in relation to the retina, while in the other amniote groups, the lens is stretched. Many nocturnal snakes have slit pupils while diurnal snakes have round pupils.(蛇视觉差异很大，从能够区分光线从暗到敏锐的视力，但主要趋势是它们的视力虽然不够锐利，但可以跟踪运动。 一般来说，视力最好是树栖蛇，最弱的是穴居蛇。 一些蛇，例如亚洲藤蔓蛇（Ahaetulla属），具有双眼视觉，双眼能够聚焦于同一点。 大多数蛇通过相对于视网膜来回移动镜片来聚焦，而在其他羊膜组中，镜片被拉伸。 许多夜行蛇有瞳孔，而昼夜蛇有圆瞳。)
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