八年级英语下册unit10 的知识点
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Unit 10
理解：要点诠释
单词
1.prevent
讲：v.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
常用结构:prevent sb./sth.fr ding sth.阻止某人做某事
例:The accident culd have been prevented.
这次事故本来是可以防止的。
He is prevented b la
我们现在可不能放松啊。
(2)let ut放走；释放；发出（声音）；放大（衣服）。
I let ut a shut when I hurt finger.
我弄伤手指时发出一声大叫。
The waist in these pants needs t be let ut.
这条裤子的裤腰需要放出点来。
练:(2010湖南模拟) He accidentall _______he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been he fr a cuple f wees.
A.let ut B.t care
C.ade sure D.ade ut
提示:本题考查短语动词的辨析。从句子的意思分析，此处应该表示“偶然(accidentl)透露出”，所以使用let ut。
答案:A
句型
“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语
讲:请观察下面教材原句:
...and she had nl $1.87 with which t bu i a present.
……她只有一美元87美分用来给吉姆买礼物。
本句型为“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语，相当于介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。本句可以改为:She had nl $1.87 with which she culd bu i a present.
例:She had n tie left in which t pac her things.
她没有时间收拾行李。
It was a bad seasn in which t have utings.
这不是一个适于郊游的季节。
She has a little ne in ban with which t help her ther.
她在银行有点存款，用来帮助她的妈妈。
链接提示
with which t bu i a present作定语，该短语中只能使用代词which，不可使用其他代词。
练:I’d lie t get a part-tie b t earn re ne________t bu a cputer.
A.with which B.t which
C.at which D.fr which
提示:此处表示“用挣来的钱买一台电脑”，所以用介词with。
答案:A
辨析
1.search,search fr
search用作及物动词时，意思是“搜查某地或搜身”，其后直接跟表示房屋、人身、衣服等的名词作宾语。
search fr用于表示“寻找或搜索某人或某物”。
即时练习:
(1)When Fleing returned fr the war,he began ________the cheical he believed culd treat infectins.
(2)The plice________ hi everwhere.He was caught at last and nw the plice are________ hi.
(3)His huse had clearl been________ and the b was issing.
(4)The uths were arrested and________ anthing that wuld incriinate the.
答案:(1)searching fr (2)searched fr;searching (3)searched (4)searched fr
2.discver,invent,find
discver指“发现”原本存在而未为人所知的东西;discver还作“发现(某种情况)”讲，后面可以接名词、代词、复合宾语、宾语从句。
invent指“发明”原本不存在的东西。
find指“找到”原本丢失的东西。
即时练习:
(1)Electricit wasn’t________ b Edisn,but he________ the electric light.
(2)Have u________ the bie u lst last wee?
(3)We________ her t be a gd dctr.
(4)This ind f achine was________ an ears ag.
答案:(1)discvered;invented (2)fund (3)discvered (4)invented
诱思：实例点拨
【例1】(2010重庆模拟) —What’s wrng with ur cat?
—ust nw when I wanted t get ff the bus,the an next t e________ n it.
A.sat B.had sat
C.had been sitting D.was sitting
提示:句意:“你的上衣怎么了？”“刚才我正要下车时，坐在我旁边的那位男士正坐在上边。”when表示的时间可指从句的动作刚刚发生，主句的`动作正在进行。
答案:D
讲评:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,本题是通过语境来体现的。
【例2】(2010辽宁模拟) All these gifts ust be ailed iediatel________ in tie fr Christas.
A.in rder t have received B.in rder t receive
C.s as t be received D.s as t be receiving
提示:所有的礼物都应立即被寄出去，当然是为了使它们及时被收到。in rder t和s as t都表目的，receive和gift之间因是被动关系，所以s as t be received正确。
答案:C
讲评:首先要了解在这里s as t 和in rder t是没有区别的。选择的关键在于动词不定式的时态和语态，可以先选择一点入手，然后进行对比。
理解：要点诠释
单词
1.prevent
讲：v.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
常用结构:prevent sb./sth.fr ding sth.阻止某人做某事
例:The accident culd have been prevented.
这次事故本来是可以防止的。
He is prevented b la
我们现在可不能放松啊。
(2)let ut放走；释放；发出（声音）；放大（衣服）。
I let ut a shut when I hurt finger.
我弄伤手指时发出一声大叫。
The waist in these pants needs t be let ut.
这条裤子的裤腰需要放出点来。
练:(2010湖南模拟) He accidentall _______he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been he fr a cuple f wees.
A.let ut B.t care
C.ade sure D.ade ut
提示:本题考查短语动词的辨析。从句子的意思分析，此处应该表示“偶然(accidentl)透露出”，所以使用let ut。
答案:A
句型
“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语
讲:请观察下面教材原句:
...and she had nl $1.87 with which t bu i a present.
……她只有一美元87美分用来给吉姆买礼物。
本句型为“介词+which+动词不定式”作定语，相当于介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。本句可以改为:She had nl $1.87 with which she culd bu i a present.
例:She had n tie left in which t pac her things.
她没有时间收拾行李。
It was a bad seasn in which t have utings.
这不是一个适于郊游的季节。
She has a little ne in ban with which t help her ther.
她在银行有点存款，用来帮助她的妈妈。
链接提示
with which t bu i a present作定语，该短语中只能使用代词which，不可使用其他代词。
练:I’d lie t get a part-tie b t earn re ne________t bu a cputer.
A.with which B.t which
C.at which D.fr which
提示:此处表示“用挣来的钱买一台电脑”，所以用介词with。
答案:A
辨析
1.search,search fr
search用作及物动词时，意思是“搜查某地或搜身”，其后直接跟表示房屋、人身、衣服等的名词作宾语。
search fr用于表示“寻找或搜索某人或某物”。
即时练习:
(1)When Fleing returned fr the war,he began ________the cheical he believed culd treat infectins.
(2)The plice________ hi everwhere.He was caught at last and nw the plice are________ hi.
(3)His huse had clearl been________ and the b was issing.
(4)The uths were arrested and________ anthing that wuld incriinate the.
答案:(1)searching fr (2)searched fr;searching (3)searched (4)searched fr
2.discver,invent,find
discver指“发现”原本存在而未为人所知的东西;discver还作“发现(某种情况)”讲，后面可以接名词、代词、复合宾语、宾语从句。
invent指“发明”原本不存在的东西。
find指“找到”原本丢失的东西。
即时练习:
(1)Electricit wasn’t________ b Edisn,but he________ the electric light.
(2)Have u________ the bie u lst last wee?
(3)We________ her t be a gd dctr.
(4)This ind f achine was________ an ears ag.
答案:(1)discvered;invented (2)fund (3)discvered (4)invented
诱思：实例点拨
【例1】(2010重庆模拟) —What’s wrng with ur cat?
—ust nw when I wanted t get ff the bus,the an next t e________ n it.
A.sat B.had sat
C.had been sitting D.was sitting
提示:句意:“你的上衣怎么了？”“刚才我正要下车时，坐在我旁边的那位男士正坐在上边。”when表示的时间可指从句的动作刚刚发生，主句的`动作正在进行。
答案:D
讲评:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,本题是通过语境来体现的。
【例2】(2010辽宁模拟) All these gifts ust be ailed iediatel________ in tie fr Christas.
A.in rder t have received B.in rder t receive
C.s as t be received D.s as t be receiving
提示:所有的礼物都应立即被寄出去，当然是为了使它们及时被收到。in rder t和s as t都表目的，receive和gift之间因是被动关系，所以s as t be received正确。
答案:C
讲评:首先要了解在这里s as t 和in rder t是没有区别的。选择的关键在于动词不定式的时态和语态，可以先选择一点入手，然后进行对比。
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