Question

英语音标发音表及发音规则？

Answer 1

一、元音部分： \x0d\x0a1）、单元音：[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ] \x0d\x0a2）、双元音：[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[iə]、[au]、[əu] \x0d\x0a二、辅音部分： \x0d\x0a[p]、[b]、 [t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð] \x0d\x0a[tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]\x0d\x0a英语的音标共有48个,分为元音和辅音.\x0d\x0a元音共20个\x0d\x0a包括单元音12个：[i:]、[i]、[e]、[A]、[[:]、[[]、[Q]、[B:]、[C:]、[C]、[U:]、[U]\x0d\x0a双元音8个：[ei]、[ai]、[Ci]、[aU]、[[U]、[i[]、[Z[]、[U[]\x0d\x0a辅音共28个\x0d\x0a包括爆破音6个：[p]、、[t]、[d]、[k]、[^]\x0d\x0a磨擦音10个：[f]、[v]、[P]、[T]、[s]、[z]、[r]、[F]、[V]、[h]\x0d\x0a破擦音6个：[ts]、[dz]、[tr]、[dr]、[tF]、[dV]\x0d\x0a鼻音3个：[m]、[n]、[N]\x0d\x0a半元音2个：[w]、[j]\x0d\x0a边音1个：[l]\x0d\x0a下面介绍一种慢速朗读句子的方法来练习发音,仔细体会它们之间的区别\x0d\x0a一、元 音 （Vowel Sounds）\x0d\x0a下面每一组发音都有相似之处,请务必区分清楚：\x0d\x0a第一组：[i:]与[i]\x0d\x0a[i:]是个长音,靠口腔发出,发声处靠前,口型很扁,嘴唇向两边张开成微笑状.\x0d\x0a[i]是个短音,靠喉咙发出,发声处靠后,口型略窄,发这个音时,要短促有力.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aPlease say it again.\x0d\x0aThis is a sheep.\x0d\x0aThese are ships.\x0d\x0a第二组：[e]、[A]与[ei]\x0d\x0a这三个元音很容易混淆,所以放在一组,以帮助学习者发好这三个音.\x0d\x0a发[e]时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起.嘴不要张太大,上下齿间距离宁可偏小.\x0d\x0a发[A]时,嘴要张开、张大,而且尽量放宽,刚开始练习时可以夸张一点.\x0d\x0a发[ei]时口形由[e]向[i]滑动.发音过程中下颚向上合拢,舌位也随之稍稍抬高.练习时,可以先发[e]音,然后再过渡到[i]音,反复练习就可以发好这个音了.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aHe is very happy to receive a letter.\x0d\x0aTom is planning to take the cake back home.\x0d\x0aHe makes his bed before breakfast every day.\x0d\x0a第三组：[[:]与[[]\x0d\x0a这两个发音在口的中间位置完成.舌侧触及牙齿,舌的中间部位向下靠近下颚.舌片及舌尖卷曲使得尾音r化.[[:]是个长音,是由口腔发出来的.[[]是个短音,由喉咙发出,非常短促.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aMy father works very hard.\x0d\x0aThe mother asks the little girl to buy some sugar.\x0d\x0aMy sister prefers a purple skirt to a blue one.\x0d\x0a第四组：[B:]、[Q]、[C:]与[C]\x0d\x0a这四个的发音听起来有点相似,很容易互相混淆.\x0d\x0a[B:]是个长音,发音时,舌头置于口腔底部,口腔完全张开,但不成圆形.这是音标中所需口型最大的开音节.发音是停顿稍长.\x0d\x0a发[Q]音时,嘴巴稍张,嘴形比[B:]小,发音听起来短促、含糊.\x0d\x0a与前面两个音相比,[C:]与[C]的嘴形一定要圆.其中,发[C:]时,双唇要收得更圆要小,并须用力向前突出.这个音是由嘴巴发出来的.[C]是个短音,通过喉咙发出.练习时,可以夸张一点,尽量模仿公鸡打鸣的声音,这样可以发好这个音了.[C]音听起来短促、含糊.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aWell begun is half done.\x0d\x0aYou can drive a car to for lunch.\x0d\x0aHe is telling a story about a dog.\x0d\x0aI buy a cup in this shop.\x0d\x0a第五组：[U:]与[U]\x0d\x0a发长音[U:]要将舌根抬起并绷紧,舌尖离开下齿.嘴唇呈圆形,双唇收圆,稍向前突出.\x0d\x0a发短音[U]的舌位比发长音的[U:]低,舌头放松,嘴唇略圆以避免将它发成中元音[[].\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aDon't be rude; it's made of wool.\x0d\x0aHe put the cool picture into the pool.\x0d\x0aThis is a very good book about rooms.\x0d\x0a第六组：[ai]、[Ci]、[aU]、[[U]、[i[]、[Z[]、[U[]\x0d\x0a只要把前面的几个单元音练好了,这几个双元音练起来会很容易,因为它们都是由两个单元音组成的.\x0d\x0a发[ai]时,可先发[B:]音,然后再过渡到[i]音.\x0d\x0a发[Ci]时,可先发[C]音,然后再过渡到[i]音.\x0d\x0a发[aU]时,可先发[B:]音,然后再过渡到[U]音.\x0d\x0a发[[U]时,可先发[[]音,然后再过渡到[U]音.\x0d\x0a发[i[]时,可先发[i]音,然后再过渡到[[]音.\x0d\x0a发[Z[]时,可先发[e]音,然后再过渡到[[]音.\x0d\x0a发[U[]时,可先发[U]音,然后再过渡到[[]音.\x0d\x0a由于这一组都是双元音,所以音较长.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aThe boys are playing with snow outside the houses.\x0d\x0aI'm sure she has long hair.\x0d\x0aHow are you doing these years?\x0d\x0aWhere is your home?\x0d\x0a二、辅 音 （Consonant Sounds）\x0d\x0a第一组：[p]与[b]、[t]与[d]、[k]与[g] 这六个音都是爆破音.\x0d\x0a(1)[p]与[b]\x0d\x0a发[p]音时,双唇紧闭,在口腔积气,然后快速张口,通过气息发出这个音.\x0d\x0a发[b]音时,口形与[p]音一样,只不过这个音是通过口腔发出来的.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aThese are some books and pens on the desk.\x0d\x0aPlease wait a bit.\x0d\x0a(2)[t]与[d]\x0d\x0a[t]音是由舌头与上牙齿相撞,通过气息发出声音.\x0d\x0a[d]音的口形与[t]音一样,只不过[d]是由口腔发出来的.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aThe dog runs very fast.\x0d\x0aI have much work to do.\x0d\x0a(3)[k]与[g]\x0d\x0a发[k]音时,将舌头平等于上下齿之间,不要接触上下颚,也不要碰到牙齿,通过气息发出声音.\x0d\x0a[g]音的口形与[k]音一样,只不过[g]是由口腔发出来的.\x0d\x0a请减速：\x0d\x0aHe is a good cook.\x0d\x0aThey walk slowly toward the gate.\x0d\x0a第二组：[f]与[v]\x0d\x0a发[f]音时,用上牙齿接触下唇,通过气息发出声音.\x0d\x0a[v]音的口形与[f]音一样,只不过[v]是由口腔发出来的.