Question

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Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity。It may be walking， cycling or swimming，or in winter，skating or skiing。It may be game of some kind football，hockey，golf，or tennis。It may be mountaineering。Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment。Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship，and to take risks on high mountains？ This astonsihment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure。Mountaineering is a sport and not a game。There are no man－made rules，as there are for such games as golf and football。There are ， of course，rules of adifferent kind which it would be dangerous to ignore，but it is this freedom from man－made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people。Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods。
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports，we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a ‘team game‘。 We should be mistaken in this。 There are ，it is true， no ‘matches‘ between ‘teams‘ of climbers， but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend，there is obviously teamwork。
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man。 He has to fight the forces of nature。 His sport tequires high mental and physical qualities。
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year。 A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty，and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties。But it is not unusual for man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in Alps。They may take more time than younger men， but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort，and their certianly experience equal enjoyment。

Answer 1

许多年轻人乐于各种形式的体育运动，有的可能会去步行，骑车或游泳，或者在冬天滑雪或滑冰。有时可能会参加各种比赛如橄榄球，曲棍球，高尔夫或网球。有的可能会去登山。那些充满激情想要攀登高峰险峰的人通常令人觉得很奇怪。为什么这些人愿意面对严寒困苦冒着风险去攀越高山呢？这种奇怪可能源自登山和其它休闲运动方式的差别。

登山是一种运动而不是一个游戏。这里没人象在高尔夫球赛和橄榄球赛里那样去制定许多规则。在这里，规则当然是完全不同的，而如果你忽略就会遭遇危险。但这规则脱离了人为制定，使得登山对许多人来说是别具魅力。因为登山者们可以自由地采用他们自己的方式。

如果我们对比登山和其它更常见的运动，我们可能会想到一个巨大的区别就是登山不是“团队比赛”。这里，我们可能会理解错。这里，确实没有在登山者“团队”之间的“比赛”， 但当登山者们都绑在维系大家生命的绳索登到岩石上的时候，这很显然就是一种团队合作。

登山者们知道他可能会去和比人类更强壮更强大的力量去搏斗，他要去和自然的力量去搏斗。他的运动需要高超的精神和身体素质。

一个登山员可以年复一年不断提高自己的技能。一个滑雪运动员可能在三十岁时就已经渡过了他的黄金年龄，而大多数国际网球冠军早在二十几岁时就已经走向低谷。但一个人五十或六十岁时去登上阿尔卑斯的最高峰却并不出奇。他们可能会花比年轻人更多的时间，但他们可能会爬的更有技巧消耗更少的体力，并且他们当然体验到了相同的乐趣。