Question

论文摘要求英语翻译，急用 谢谢

蒸汽作为一种比较重要的二次能源，在生产企业中有着非常广泛的应用，而测量蒸汽的流量计也受到了越来越多的关注和重视。蒸汽流量计的主要目的包括： 监测能源的使用效率、改进工艺制程和计量蒸汽用量，进行内部或外部的结算或贸易计量。蒸汽的计量问题一直都是国内外计量中的难点，目前，在国内关于蒸汽测量方面还存在不少误区，很多用户往往认为购买了高品质的流量计就可以得到准确的计量结果。而蒸汽的计量不同于其它流体如水、空气等介质，在实际测量中影响其精确测量的因素较多。因此经常会出现流量计本身检定合格，而实际却感觉计量“不准”的现象。影响蒸汽流量准确计量的因素主要有以下几方面：（1）实际蒸汽流量低于流量计的最低精确流量或高于流量计的最高精确流量（量程比不足）；（2）流量计上下游安装的直管段不足（存在流动扰动）；（3）蒸汽密度补偿不正确（温度压力补偿不准确）；（4）蒸汽含水（两相流）；（5）现场存在振动和干扰；（6）差压式流量计的差压传送出现误差；（7）流量计长时间使用后产生的偏差等等。
本文主要是从实际工作中遇到的各种问题着手，以工作中经常接触的几种流量计作为重点研究对象，对蒸汽计量常见的各种问题进行分析并找出解决问题的方法。

Answer 1

As a kind of important steam secondary energy, in a manufacturing enterprise is widely used in measuring steam flowmeter, and has been more and more concerned. The main purpose of the steam flowmeter include monitoring energy efficiency, improve the technology process and measuring steam, internal or external trade or settlement measurement. Steam metering problems have been at home and abroad, at present, the difficulty in the measurement in domestic steam measurement error, there are still many aspects of many users tend to think that purchase high quality flowmeter is can get the exact measurement results. While steam metering is different from other fluid medium, such as water, air in actual measurement of the factors affecting its precise measurements. So often appear flowmeter, and practical verification qualified itself, but "no" phenomenon of measurement. Steam flow measurement accuracy of the influence factors are mainly in the following aspects: (1) the actual steam flow meter below the minimum precise flow or above the highest precise flow meter (span less than), (2) flow downstream installation (straight section of existing flow disturbances), (3) steam density compensation is not correct (temperature and pressure compensation is not accurate), (4) steam aqueous two-phase flow); ( (5) the existence vibration and interference, (6) differential pressure differential transmission of flowmeter appear error, (7) flowmeter after a long time of deviation, etc.
This paper from the actual work of various problems encountered in the job, often contacts with several flowmeter as research object, the key to steam metering common problems and analyze the methods to solve the problems.

Answer 2

As a kind of important steam secondary energy, in a manufacturing enterprise is widely used in measuring steam flowmeter, and has been more and more concerned. The main purpose of the steam flowmeter include monitoring energy efficiency, improve the technology process and measuring steam, internal or external trade or settlement measurement. Steam metering problems have been at home and abroad, at present, the difficulty in the measurement in domestic steam measurement error, there are still many aspects of many users tend to think that purchase high quality flowmeter is can get the exact measurement results. While steam metering is different from other fluid medium, such as water, air in actual measurement of the factors affecting its precise measurements. So often appear flowmeter, and practical verification qualified itself, but "no" phenomenon of measurement. Steam flow measurement accuracy of the influence factors are mainly in the following aspects: (1) the actual steam flow meter below the minimum precise flow or above the highest precise flow meter (span less than), (2) flow downstream installation (straight section of existing flow disturbances), (3) steam density compensation is not correct (temperature and pressure compensation is not accurate), (4) steam aqueous two-phase flow); ( (5) the existence vibration and interference, (6) differential pressure differential transmission of flowmeter appear error, (7) flowmeter after a long time of deviation, etc.
This paper from the actual work of various problems encountered in the job, often contacts with several flowmeter as research object, the key to steam metering common problems and analyze the methods to solve the problems.
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