请人翻译一篇英语考试文章,翻译完追加200分(先上分没人答的话分就白上了),谢谢。
E:In1998,energyconsumptioninthetransportsectorwastoblamefor28%ofemissionsofCO2,thelea...
E: In 1998, energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of CO2, the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020, compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an ecological necessity and a technological challenge.
F: At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the less so after over half a century of constant deterioration in favour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of 18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.
G: The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.
H: The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance. I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the other modes to return to their 1998 levels and thus make a shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods. 展开
F: At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the less so after over half a century of constant deterioration in favour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of 18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.
G: The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.
H: The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance. I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the other modes to return to their 1998 levels and thus make a shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods. 展开
2017-01-08
展开全部
这是前部分的人工翻译。。。如果可以的话我再翻最后的一段:
E:在1998年,交通运输方面将被责备因为它占了28%的二氧化碳(最主要的温室气体)排放。 据最新估计,如果不采取措施扭转交通增长趋势,从运输的二氧化碳排放量,可以预计在与记录中1990年的739万亿吨相比,2020年将增长约50%,至11130亿公吨,其中公路运输是主要的罪魁祸首,因为其对于二氧化碳排放量的贡献率达84%。因此,使用替代燃料和提高能源效率既是生态必要性也是技术的挑战。
问:同时,需要用更大的努力来实现模式转变。这种变化不能一蹴而就,这条路在过去的半个多世纪里不断恶化。这使得今天的铁路货运服务面临边缘化(只有8%的市场份),国际货物列车以平均速度18公里/小时的速度挣扎。(以下)出现了三种可能的方法。
G:第一种方法将包括通过独资定价致力于公路运输。此选项将不会和其他运输方式的配套措施的协同。在短期内,由于货运车辆的载货量比率较高,以及由于运输价格的上升,预计乘客车辆的使用率会有所下降,从而抑制公路运输的增长。 然而,缺乏可用于振兴其他运输方式的措施将导致更可持续的运输方式不可能拿起接力棒。
E:在1998年,交通运输方面将被责备因为它占了28%的二氧化碳(最主要的温室气体)排放。 据最新估计,如果不采取措施扭转交通增长趋势,从运输的二氧化碳排放量,可以预计在与记录中1990年的739万亿吨相比,2020年将增长约50%,至11130亿公吨,其中公路运输是主要的罪魁祸首,因为其对于二氧化碳排放量的贡献率达84%。因此,使用替代燃料和提高能源效率既是生态必要性也是技术的挑战。
问:同时,需要用更大的努力来实现模式转变。这种变化不能一蹴而就,这条路在过去的半个多世纪里不断恶化。这使得今天的铁路货运服务面临边缘化(只有8%的市场份),国际货物列车以平均速度18公里/小时的速度挣扎。(以下)出现了三种可能的方法。
G:第一种方法将包括通过独资定价致力于公路运输。此选项将不会和其他运输方式的配套措施的协同。在短期内,由于货运车辆的载货量比率较高,以及由于运输价格的上升,预计乘客车辆的使用率会有所下降,从而抑制公路运输的增长。 然而,缺乏可用于振兴其他运输方式的措施将导致更可持续的运输方式不可能拿起接力棒。
推荐律师服务:
若未解决您的问题,请您详细描述您的问题,通过百度律临进行免费专业咨询