Question

定语从句缺成分和不缺成分的时候分别用什么词？还有宾语从句呢？

Answer 1

定语从句缺成分只能用that，不可用which，what不引导定语从句，不缺成分是that和which都可。
宾语从句缺成分用what，不缺用that，which。which引导宾语从句是哪一个的意思。具体的你可以找本语法书仔细看看。

Answer 2

定语从句缺主语代替人who/that 代替物which/that
定语从句缺宾语代替人whom/that代替物which/that
定语从句缺补语代替人that 代替物that
定语从句不缺成分，先行词表示地点用where
原因用why
时间用when
方式用the way that
宾语从句：引导陈述句用that
引导一般疑问句用if
引导选择疑问句用whether...or
引导特殊疑问句做主语用who what
做宾语用whom what
做补语用who what
做定语用whose what which
做状语用where when why how
引导感叹句用原感叹词或变成that从句
引导祈使句用to do 或变成that从句

宾语从句定语从句引导词的区别
what who when why where whose引导宾语从句时有疑问意义，引导定语从句时无疑问意义。

Answer 3

定语从句缺主语代替人who/that
代替物which/that
定语从句缺宾语代替人whom/that代替物which/that
定语从句缺补语代替人that
代替物that
定语从句不缺成分，先行词表示地点用where
原因用why
时间用when
方式用the
way
that
宾语从句：引导陈述句用that
引导一般疑问句用if
引导选择疑问句用whether...or
引导特殊疑问句做主语用who
what
做宾语用whom
what
做补语用who
what
做定语用whose
what
which
做状语用where
when
why
how
引导感叹句用原感叹词或变成that从句
引导祈使句用to
do
或变成that从句
宾语从句定语从句引导词的区别
what
who
when
why
where
whose引导宾语从句时有疑问意义，引导定语从句时无疑问意义。