Question

如何查看centos安装桌面环境

Answer 1

Linux的桌面系统系统多达十几种，像gnome、kde、mate、cinnamon、lxde、xfce、jwm等。比较常用的一般是gnome、kde、xfce等。那么如何判断Linux系统安装了哪种桌面环境组件呢？下面总结了一些检查桌面环境的方法：
方法1：env | grep DESKTOP_SESSION= 或 echo $DESKTOP_SESSION
此命令只能进入桌面系统后，在桌面系统启动命令窗口执行才能得到结果，使用SecureCRT工具连接到系统，执行此命名得不到任何结果。
方法2：echo $GDMSESSION
此命令只能进入桌面系统后，在桌面系统启动命令窗口执行才能得到结果，使用SecureCRT工具连接到系统，执行此命名得不到任何结果。

上述命令我只是测试了两种桌面（KDE、GNOME）环境，不知道是否在其他桌面环境是否OK。参考资料里面介绍，这两个命令对于有些桌面环境并不能成功显示。

方法3：使用ps命令检查是否安装桌面环境

3.1： 没有安装任何桌面组件
[root@testlnx01 ~]# runlevel

N 3

[root@testlnx01 ~]# ps -A | egrep -i "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"

3.2：安装了gnome桌面组件
[root@localhost ~]# ps -A | egrep -i "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"
2304 ? 00:00:00 gnome-keyring-d
2314 ? 00:00:00 gnome-session
2352 ? 00:00:00 gnome-settings-
2377 ? 00:00:00 gnome-panel
2408 ? 00:00:00 gnome-power-man
2420 ? 00:00:00 polkit-gnome-au
2430 ? 00:00:00 gnome-volume-co
2448 ? 00:00:00 gnome-screensav
2497 ? 00:00:01 gnome-terminal
2500 ? 00:00:00 gnome-pty-helpe

pgrep -l "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lxde|xfce|jwm"
ps -A | egrep -i "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lxde|xfce|jwm"
使用ps命令或pgrep命令
[root@localhost ~]# ps -A | egrep -i "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"
2304 ? 00:00:00 gnome-keyring-d
2314 ? 00:00:00 gnome-session
2352 ? 00:00:00 gnome-settings-
2377 ? 00:00:00 gnome-panel
2408 ? 00:00:00 gnome-power-man
2420 ? 00:00:00 polkit-gnome-au
2430 ? 00:00:00 gnome-volume-co
2448 ? 00:00:00 gnome-screensav
2497 ? 00:00:01 gnome-terminal
2500 ? 00:00:00 gnome-pty-helpe
[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"
2304 gnome-keyring-d
2314 gnome-session
2352 gnome-settings-
2377 gnome-panel
2408 gnome-power-man
2420 polkit-gnome-au
2430 gnome-volume-co
2448 gnome-screensav

如果我将一个用户从桌面环境注销退出，如下所示，你会看到同样的命令显示的进程显然少了一些
[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"
2882 gnome-session
2890 gnome-settings-
2909 polkit-gnome-au
2911 gnome-power-man
[root@localhost ~]# ps -A | egrep -i "gnome|kde|mate|cinnamon|lx|xfce|jwm"
2882 ? 00:00:00 gnome-session
2890 ? 00:00:00 gnome-settings-
2909 ? 00:00:00 polkit-gnome-au
2911 ? 00:00:00 gnome-power-man
[root@localhost ~]#

方法4: yum grouplist | more检查

Answer 2

一、首先查看系统的运行级别以及是否安装了桌面环境
　　1、使用命令 runlevel 查看当前的运行级别 ，如图所示
　　2、使用命令 yum grouplist | more 查看是否安装了桌面环境的组件，如图所示

二、再次从上面分析的结果看到，当前运行级别是3，而且也没有安装桌面环境的软件。
　　然后我们使用命令查看一下桌面有哪些桌面环境的软件，然后装显示出来的软件组件就可以了。例如：
[root@localhost ~]#[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist | more
Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorSetting up Group ProcessLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.usc.edu * extras: centos.mirror.ndchost.com *
updates: mirror-centos.hostingswift.com
Installed Groups: E-mail server Security Tools Storage
Availability Tools iSCSI Storage Client

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